It is insanity with this wireless experiment, it is like living in a microwave oven with the atmosphere any more. This is like a mass suicide. We really should step back from this stuff while there is time. After reading this chapter, shouldn't we be seeing what is causing cancer more closely now. The gene connection is troubling for the species. Sorry for the length of the chapter.
DNA:
Pirates of the Sacred Spiral
By Dr. Len Horowitz
Chapter 5
Gene Environment Interaction
“There is harmony of the organism and a harmony in
structure that allows the transfer of energy so that the
organism can live and vibrate. So it can carry on its
metabolism and its replication. Those harmonies and
resonances must be perceived as inherently musical, because those harmonies recur and recreate the organism.
. . . Ultimately, there is a musical or harmonic element
within the organism which can recreate the patterns of
information and energy. This is beautiful and resurgent.
This is molecular music, fragile, dependent, recurring
under the right conditions, based in quantum echoes and
hidden physics. ”
In The Emperor’s New Clothes, his majesty the king paraded
before everyone completely nude. In other words, he was royally exposed. Yet only one young man had the guts to declare the
eccentric monarch naked. Is this an allegory for what is ongoing
today regarding DNA? These authors feel much like this brave
young renegade. We appreciate the whole truth about DNA, and
herein expose those who stand naked as they work to co-opt and
corrupt the Sacred Spiral’s power.
Merrill Garnett, D.M.D., Ph.D.,
First Pulse: A Personal Journey
in Cancer Research
DNA plays a significant, likely Divine, role in precipitating,
inspiring, and sustaining life bio acoustically and energetically.
The double helix is a dual function receiver and transmitter for
physical and spiritual empowerment. If the last chapter failed
to persuade you of the legitimacy of this thesis, this chapter,
packed with referenced scientific determinations, may be more
convincing.
Herein we present two genetic likelihoods, even realities: 1)
there are global political and economic forces effectively working to suppress scientific knowledge while manipulating the mass
mind in efforts to profit from general ignorance regarding the
vital role DNA plays in the energetic (i.e., spiritual) functions of
life, and 2) we are in great, even dire, need for a “reality check”
regarding the “Sacred Spiral.” Its primary function supersedes
mere protein synthesis. DNA directs electromagnetic (i.e., energetic) signaling from our environment, including the Divinely directed and balanced cosmos, through our cells and tissues. This
enables every physical manifestation and physiological function,
including the miracle of spontaneous natural, and/or spiritual
regeneration (i.e., healing).
Antagonistically, mainstream health authorities and genetic
experts, such as those at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC), argue that many, and maybe most, human
diseases result from genetic susceptibilities or mutations in combination with modifiable environmental risks. These environmental factors addressed by world renowned sources of health
intelligence include infectious, chemical, physical, nutritional,
and behavioral risk factors. Virtually zero mention is ever made
of bioacoustic, electromagnetic, energetic, or even more esoteric,
“spiritual” disturbances of DNA in gene-related ailments.
For example, according to an August 2000 report by the CDC
entitled, “Gene-Environment Interaction Fact Sheet,” the newly formed, Office of Environment Interaction and Disease Prevention, gave nil indication electro genetics played an essential role
in DNA expression. No mention at all that electromagnetic fields,
including subtle ones coming from power lines and electrical appliances, influence genetic regulation of life. They simply provided partial truths which, all told, presented nearly complete
lies.
Spin doctors at the CDC stated that, “information from the
Human Genome Project has caused scientists to reexamine the
role of genetics and other risk factors involved in the development of disease. Understanding this complex interplay of genes and environment will lead us to new methods of disease detection and prevention. This is perhaps the most important fact in
understanding the role of genetics and environment in the development of disease.”
This is nothing new. The truth is, these subjects had been
given quintessential scientific attention prior to the Human Genome Project. In fact, the entire project was originally directed
to incorporate these scientific subjects.
“Many people tend to classify the cause of disease as either
genetic or environmental. Indeed, some rare diseases, such as
Huntington or Tay Sachs disease, may be the result of a deficiency of a single gene product, but these diseases represent a
very small proportion of all human disease,” The CDC more
accurately continued, “Common diseases, such as diabetes or
cancer, are a result of the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors.”
Addressing the physicochemical, yet avoiding electromagnetic or biospiritual, forces involved in the etiology of diseases,
the CDC statement continued, “Variations in genetic makeup are
associated with almost all disease. Even so-called single-gene
disorders actually develop from the interaction of both genetic
and environmental factors. For example, phenylketonuria (PKU)
results from a genetic variant that leads to deficient metabolism
of the amino acid phenylalanine; in the presence of normal protein intake, phenylalanine accumulates and is neurotoxic. PKU
occurs only when both the genetic variant (phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency) and the environmental exposure (dietary
phenylalanine) are present.
“Genetic variations do not cause disease but rather influence
a person’s susceptibility to environmental factors.”
Thus, health officials admitted, “We do not inherit a disease
state per se. Instead, we inherit a set of susceptibility factors to
certain effects of environmental factors and, therefore, inherit a
higher risk for certain diseases.
“This concept also explains why individuals are differently
affected by the same environmental factors. For example, some
health conscious individuals with ‘acceptable’ cholesterol levels
suffer myocardial infarction at age 40. Other individuals seem
immune to heart disease in spite of smoking, poor diet, and obesity. Genetic variations account, at least in part, for this difference in response to the same environmental factors.
“Genetic information can be used to target interventions. We
all carry genetic variants that increase our susceptibility to some
diseases.
“By identifying and characterizing gene-environment interactions, we have more opportunities to effectively target intervention strategies. Many of the genetic risk factors for diseases
have not been identified, and the complex interaction of genes
with other genes, and genes with environmental factors, is not yet
understood. Clinical and epidemiological studies are necessary
to further describe these factors and their interactions. However,
as our understanding of genetic variations increases, so should
our knowledge of environmental factors, so that ultimately, genetic information can be used to plan appropriate intervention
strategies for high-risk individuals.”(CDC, 2001)
Introduction to the Electrical Properties of Cells
As Dr. Steve Haltiwanger correctly noted in his previous
publications on the electromagnetics of cancer, the above jargon
concerning the need to study genetic and environmental interactions, and related biological reactions, began 100 years ago in
the Western world. By the early 1900s, this limited view became
the prevailing, and really exclusive, paradigm used to explain
cellular functions and disease progression. The pharmaceutical
and cancer industries subsequently became very successful using this model in developing their profit centers, all with potentially devastating side effects on individuals, society at large, and
civilization as a whole. As medicine became transformed into a huge business (i.e., mega-monopoly) during the 20th century,
medical treatments became largely based on this knowledge and
profit incentive. At this time, the supremacy of the biochemical
mechanistic paradigm as applied to genetics caused almost all
research in genetics and medical science to be directed toward
understanding mechanisms that may be influenced by patentable
drugs and vaccines.
Many biological questions, however, can only be partially
answered with biochemical explanations. More fruitful determinations and reconciliations of otherwise persistent questions have
come by examining the role of endogenously created electromagnetic fields and electrical currents in the body.(Haltiwanger,
2003)
Albert Szent-Gyorgyi in his book Bioelectronics voiced his
concern about some of the open questions in biology: “No doubt,
molecular biochemistry has harvested the greatest success and
has given a solid foundation to biology. However, there are indications that it has overlooked major problems, if not a whole dimension, for some of the existing questions remain unanswered,
if not unasked.” (Szent-Gyorgyi, 1968) Szent-Gyorgyi reported
that the cells of the body possess electrical mechanisms and use
electricity to regulate and control the transduction of chemical
energy and other life processes.
In his 1970 book, Electromagnetic fields and Life, Dr. Aleksander Samuilovich Presman, identified several significant effects
of the interaction of electromagnetic fields with living organisms. Electromagnetic fields: 1) have information and communication roles in that they are employed by living organisms as
information conveyors. This electromagnetic information flows
from the environment to the organism, within the organism, and
among organisms, and 2) such energies are involved in life’s
vital processes in that they facilitate pattern formation, physical
organization, and growth control within the organism.(Presman,
1970)
If living organisms possess the ability to utilize electromagnetic fields and electricity there must exist physical structures
within the cells that facilitate the sensing, transducing, storing,
and transmitting of this form of energy. DNA plays a major role
in all of the above.(Miller, et. al., 2002)
Normal cells possess the ability to communicate information
within themselves and to other cells. The coordination of information by the cells of the body is involved in the regulation and
integration of cellular functions, cell growth, tissue responses
and whole organ reactions. Moreover, when pathology strikes, it
is apparent, given most recent revelations in molecular biology
and electrochemistry, these coordinated information channels are
disrupted.(Haltiwanger, 2003)
Throughout the next few chapters we will use examples from
the realm of cancer to illustrate and reinforce certain points. We
do not do this solely because of the intimate relationship between
genetic dysfunction and cancer. Nor do we do this because “gene
therapy,” according to its proponents, offers salvation through
modern medicine along with the “cancer answer.” Our use of
examples from the cancer world is not because the forces we call
“Pirates of the Sacred Spiral” also control the cancer industry.
Alternatively, as cancer is now predicted to strike one-out-of-two
people in the coming years, perhaps it is time to tell all that we
know about it free of censorship or institutionalized bias.
Using cancer as an example, cancer cells cease to be regulated by normal bioelectric control mechanisms.
When an injury occurs in the body, normal cells proliferate
and either replace the destroyed and damaged cells with new
cells or scar tissue. One characteristic feature of both proliferating cells and cancer cells is that these cells have cell membrane
potentials that are lower than the cell membrane potential of
healthy adult cells.(Cone, 1975)
After the repair is completed, and the normal cells in the
area of injury stop growing, cell membrane potentials return to
normal. Likewise, in cancerous tissue, the electrical potential of cell membranes is maintained at a lower level, and electrical
connections are disrupted. Emphasis is placed here due to the
important implications of this knowledge on understanding cancer, the carcinogenic (inadequate) immune response, and cancer
therapies all to be discussed later.
Cancerous cells also possess other features that are different
from normal proliferating cells. Normal cells are well organized
in their growth, form strong contacts with their neighbors, and
stop growing at the right time. When they repair an injured area
(due to contact inhibition with other cells) they stop growing. In
contrast to normal cells, cancer cells are more easily detached
and fail to exhibit contact inhibition of their growth. Cancer cells
become estranged from normal tissue. They become bioelectrically and biochemically self-sustaining. Tissue and intercellular
signaling is diminished. Growth control mechanisms fall away.
In a sense, cancer cells become out-of-sync from the rest of the
body.
This chapter focuses on some of these gene-environmental
interactions and abnormalities that have been identified especially in cancer cells that contribute to pathology and loss of
growth control.
DNA in an Electrical Circuit
Your television is graphically animated as an electrical box
because it receives energy signals through thin air. Likewise, we
have come to the conclusion that your liquid crystal components,
within your cells and extracellular matrix of your body, possess
many of the features of televisions, computers, and electronic
circuits. Components analogous to conductors, semiconductors,
resistors, transistors, capacitors, inductor coils, transducers,
switches, generators and batteries exist in you and in all biological tissues.
Examples of components that allow your cells to function as
a solid-state electronic device include: transducers (membrane
receptors), inductors (membrane receptors and DNA), capacitors (cell and organelle membranes), resonators (membranes and
DNA), tuning circuits (membrane-protein complexes), and semiconductors (liquid crystal protein polymers).
Begging your pardon for a momentary diversion and point of-clarification, this information is understandably complex.
Especially if you are an average lay reader instead of an electrical engineer. We will, however, make every effort to simplify
forthcoming discussions where we can to make this scientific
knowledge generally intelligible.
Many of these energetic processes occur simultaneously. So
in grouping information into specific areas, we present information repeatedly, knowing that “repetition is the mother of memory
and habit.” We, thus, hope to enable you to easily commit these
truths to heart and mind. Especially the major hypothesis of this
book that diseased or cancer cells are in “spiritual crisis.” That is,
they have different electrical and metabolic properties impacting
DNA’s bioelectric expression. The recognition that diseased and
cancer cells have different electrical properties leads to our hypothesis in Chapter 12 that therapies that address these electrical
abnormalities may have some, and likely superior, therapeutic
value.
Charge Carriers and Electrical Properties of Cells
In order to help orient you to this emerging field of electro genetics and energy medicine, this section summarizes the basic
characteristics of energy systems, including cells and intercellular structures comprising whole organisms.
To begin, it is widely recognized that cells of the body are
composed of matter. Matter itself is composed of atoms, which
are mixtures of negatively charged electrons, positively charged
protons, and electrically neutral neutrons. These are the main
components engaged in atomic energy transfer.
Electrical charges (i.e., forces of energy) come into play
potentially affecting every part of you (as in the case of radiation-induced genetic mutations leading to cancer and premature
demise). This can happen when an electron is forced out of its
orbit around the nucleus of an atom. Indeed, the electron’s action
is known as electricity.
Basic physics and electrodynamics holds that an electron, an
atom, or a material with an excess of electrons, has a negative
charge. An atom or a substance with a deficiency of electrons has
a positive charge.
Like Charges Repel/Unlike Charges Attract
Electrical or energetic potentials are created in biological
structures when charges are separated. This is important because
electrical potentials possess the capacity to do work.
Although energy industrialists, for their sole fiscal benefit,
have formed an alternative consensus, electric fields such as
those emitted by power lines, cellphone towers, and home appliances including television, can have profound biological effects.
Cumulative damage may result from subtle chronic exposures.
Such electric fields form around any electric charge, according to
numerous authorities, including those within your cells.(Becker,
1985).
The potential difference between two points produces an
electric field represented by electric lines of flux. The negative
pole always has more electrons than the positive pole.
Electricity is simply defined as the flow of mobile charge
carriers in a conductor, or a semiconductor, from areas of high
charge to areas of low charge driven by the electrical force. Any
machinery, whether mechanical or biological, that possesses the
ability to harness this electrical force has the ability to do work.
Voltage, also called the potential difference or electromotive
force is based on the understanding that an electrical current will
only flow when it gets a push. When two areas of different charge
are connected, whether at the ends of two wires or two cell membranes, a current will flow in an attempt to equalize the charge difference. The difference in potential between two points gives
rise to a voltage, which causes charge carriers to move and current to flow between the two connected points. This force causes
motion of current carriers and work to be done.
A current is the rate of flow of charge carriers in a substance
past a point. The unit of current measure is called the ampere.
In inorganic materials electrons carry the current. In biological
tissues both mobile ions and electrons carry currents.
In order to make electrical currents flow, a potential difference must exist. The excess electrons on the negatively charged
material will be pulled toward the positively charged material.
As shown in figure 5.3, a flowing electric current always
produces an expanding magnetic field with lines of force at a
90-degree angle to the direction of current flow. When a current
increases or decreases, the magnetic field strength increases or
decreases the same way.
More About Your Electrical Components
In electrical terms, a conductor is a material in which the
electrons are mobile. Alternatively, an insulator is a material
that has very few free electrons. A semiconductor is a material
that has properties of both insulators and conductors. In general,
semiconductors conduct electricity in one direction better than
they will in the other direction. Semiconductors function as conductors or as insulators depending on the direction the current is
flowing.
No material, whether biological or non-biological, will perfectly conduct electricity. All materials will resist the flow of an
electric charge through it, causing a dissipation of energy as heat.
This block in free energy flow is called resistance. It is measured
in ohms, according to Ohm’s law. In simple DC circuits, resistance equals impedance.
Impedance denotes the relation between the voltage and
the current in a component or system. Impedance is usually described “as the opposition to the flow of an alternating electric
current through a conductor. However, impedance is a broader
concept that includes the phase shift between the voltage and the
current.”(Ivorra, 2002)
Inductance involves the expansion or contraction of a magnetic field. This varies as the current varies and causes an electromotive force of self-induction, which opposes any further change
in the current. Coils have greater inductance than straight conductors so in electronic terms coils are called inductors. When
a conductor is coiled (as with a Tesla coil or DNA helix), the
magnetic field produced by current flow expands across adjacent
coil turns. When a current changes, the induced magnetic field
that is created also changes and creates a force called the counter
emf. This opposes additional changes in the current.
This effect does not occur in static conditions in DC circuits
when the current is steady. The counter emf effect only arises
in a DC circuit when the current experiences a change in value.
When current flow in a DC circuit rapidly falls, the magnetic
field also rapidly collapses and has the capability of generating
a high induced emf that at times can be many times the original
source voltage. Higher induced voltages may be created in an
inductive circuit by increasing the speed of current changes and
increasing the number of coils.
In alternating current (AC) circuits the current is continuously changing so that the induced emf will affect current flow
at all times.
DNA activities are intimately connected to these seemingly
off topic electrical functions. DNA and a number of membrane
proteins consist of helical coils which may allow them to electronically function as inductor coils. Also some research indicates
that biological tissues may possess superconducting properties.
If certain membrane proteins and your DNA actually function
as electrical inductors, they may enable your cell to transiently
produce very high electrical voltages.
Capacitance is the ability to accumulate and store charge
from a circuit and later give it back to a circuit. In DC circuits, capacitance opposes any change in circuit voltage. In a simple DC
circuit, current flow stops when a capacitor becomes charged. In
biological systems, capacitance is defined by the measure of the
quantity of charge that has to be moved across the membrane to
produce a unit change in membrane potential.
Functioning in this regard are capacitors. In electrical equipment, these are composed of two plates of conducting metals that
sandwich an insulating material. Energy is taken from a circuit
to supply and store charge on the plates. Energy is returned to
the circuit when the charge is removed. The area of the plates,
the amount of plate separation, and the type of dielectric material
used all affect the capacitance.
Dielectric characteristics occur in some materials that include both conductive and capacitive properties.(Reilly, 1998)
In cells, the cell membrane is a leaky dielectric. This means that
any condition, illness, or change in dietary intake that affects the
composition of the cell membranes and their associated minerals
can affect and alter cellular capacitance.
Inductors in electronic equipment exist in series and in parallel with other inductors as well as with resistors and capacitors. Resistors slow down the rate of conductance by brute force.
Inductors impede the flow of electrical charges by temporarily
storing energy as a magnetic field that gives back the energy later. Capacitors impede the flow of electric current by storing the
energy as an electric field. Capacitance becomes an important
electrical property in AC circuits and pulsating DC circuits. The
tissues of the body contain pulsating DC circuits and AC electric
fields.(Becker and Selden, 1985; Liboff, 1997)
Hydrogen Bonds and Energy Transfer
DNA gains much of its power from pyramids of nano-structured water molecules—the liquid from which all life was formed according to the Book of Genesis. For this important reason, this
section provides required technicalities for more in-depth understanding of DNA’s electrical properties.
In the 1930s Nobel Laureate Linus Pauling argued that the
weak “hydrogen” bonds in water partially get their identity from
stronger “covalent” bonds in the H2
O molecule. As Pauling correctly surmised, this property is a manifestation of the fact that
electrons in water obey the bizarre laws of quantum mechanics—the modern theory of matter and energy at the atomic level.
Performed by researchers at Bell Labs Lucent Technologies in
the US, the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in France,
and the National Research Council of Canada, one experiment
provided important new details on water’s microscopic properties, which surprisingly remain largely hidden and difficult to
measure. These new details allow researchers to improve predictions involving water and hydrogen bonds, and also integrate
seemingly diverse areas such as nanotechnology and superconductors.
As reported by The National Institute of Physics, “One of the
most important components of life as we know it is the hydrogen bond. . . . In water, there are two types of bonds. Hydrogen
bonds are the bonds between water molecules, while the much
stronger “sigma” bonds are the bonds within a single water molecule. Sigma bonds are strongly “covalent,” meaning that a pair
of electrons is shared between atoms. Covalent bonds can only
be described by quantum mechanics. In a covalent bond, each
electron does not really belong to a single atom—it belongs to
both simultaneously, and helps to fill each atom’s outer “valence”
shell, a situation which makes the bond very stable.
“Hydrogen bonds are electrostatic by nature. The much
weaker hydrogen bonds that exist between H2O molecules are
principally the electrical attractions between a positively charged
hydrogen atom which readily gives up its electron in water and
a negatively charged oxygen atom—which receives these electrons—in a neighboring molecule. These “electrostatic interactions” can be explained perfectly by classical, pre-20th century
physics. Specifically by Coulomb’s law, named after the French
engineer Charles Coulomb, who formulated the law in the 18th
century to describe the attraction and repulsion between charged
particles separated from each other by a distance. . . .
“How do hydrogen bonds obtain their double identity? The
answer lies with the electrons in the hydrogen bonds. Electrons,
like all other objects in nature, naturally seek their lowest-energy state. To do this, they minimize their total energy, which
includes their energy of motion (i.e., kinetic energy). Lowering
an electron’s kinetic energy means reducing its velocity. A reduced velocity also means a reduced momentum. And whenever
an object reduces its momentum, it must spread out in space,
according to a quantum mechanical phenomenon known as the
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. In fact, this “delocalization”
effect occurs for electrons in many other situations, not just in
hydrogen bonds. Delocalization plays an important role in determining the behavior of superconductors and other electrically
conducting materials at sufficiently low temperatures.[Emphasis
added.]
“Implicit in this quantum mechanical picture is that all objects—even the most solid particles—can act like rippling waves
under the right circumstances. These circumstances exist in the
water molecule, and the electron waves on the sigma and hydrogen bonding sites overlap somewhat. Therefore, these electrons
become somewhat indistinguishable and the hydrogen bonds
cannot be completely described as electrostatic bonds. Instead,
they take on some of the properties of the highly covalent sigma
bonds—and vice versa. However, the extent to which hydrogen
bonds were being affected by the sigma bonds has remained controversial and has never been directly tested by experiment—until now.
“Working at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
(ESRF) in Grenoble, France, a US-France-Canada research team
designed an experiment that would settle this issue once and for
all. Taking advantage of the ultra-intense x-rays that could be
produced at the facility, they studied the “Compton scattering”
that occurred when the x-ray photons ricocheted from ordinary
ice. [Authors’ note: This new experiment provided unambiguous
evidence.]
“Named after physicist Arthur Holly Compton, who won the
Nobel Prize in 1927 for its discovery, Compton scattering occurs
when a photon (i.e., tiny burst of light energy) impinges upon a
material containing electrons. The photon transfers some of its
kinetic energy to the electrons, and emerges from the material
with a different direction and lower energy.
“By measuring the energy lost by a photon and its direction
as it scatters from a solid, one can determine the momentum
it transfers to the electrons in a molecule—and learn about the
original momentum state of the electron itself. From this information, one can reconstruct the electron’s ground-state wave
function—the complete quantum-mechanical description of an
electron in a hydrogen bond in its lowest-energy state.
“The effect that the experimenters were looking for—the
overlapping of the electron waves in the sigma and hydrogen
bonding sites—was a very subtle one to detect. . . . The researchers decided to study solid ice, in which the hydrogen bonds are
pointing in only four different directions because the H2O molecules are frozen in a regularly repeating pattern. Still, the effect
was expected to be fairly small—only a tenth of all the electrons
in ice are associated with the hydrogen bond or sigma bond. . .
. What also complicates matters is that Compton scattering records information on the contributions from all the electrons in
ice, not just the ones in which the researchers were interested.
“[The results of the experiment showed wavelike energies
flowed] between electrons in water. Taking the differences in scattering intensity into account, and plotting the intensity of
the scattered x-rays against their momentum, the team recorded
wavelike fringes corresponding to interference between the electrons on neighboring sigma and hydrogen bonding sites. The
presence of these fringes demonstrates that electrons in the hydrogen bond are quantum mechanically shared—covalent—just
as Linus Pauling had predicted. . . .
“[The implications of this experiment are fascinating.] For
many years, many scientists dismissed the possibility that hydrogen bonds in water had significant covalent properties. This
fact can no longer be dismissed. The experiment provides highly
coveted details on water’s microscopic properties. Not only will
it allow researchers in many areas to improve theories of water
and the many biological structures such as DNA which possess
hydrogen bonds, improved information on the h-bond may also
help us to assume better control of our material world. For example, it may allow nanotechnologists to design more advanced
self-assembling materials, many of which rely heavily on hydrogen bonds to put themselves together properly. [Authors’ note:
This sentence is emphasized because of the reference to self-assembly mechanisms in nanotechnology-related circuits and systems including DNA. This vitally important subject is covered
in chapter 12 in relation to electrogenetics and bioholography.] Meanwhile, researchers are hoping to apply their experimental
technique to study numerous hydrogen-bond-free materials, such
as superconductors and switchable metal-insulator devices, in
which one can control the amount of quantum overlap between
electrons in neighboring atomic sites.”(Isaacs and Skukla, et. al,
1999)[Emphasis added.]
Oxidation/Reduction Reactions and DNA
Oxidation/reduction reactions are fundamental considerations in the realm of bioenergetic systems. Did you know that
even drugs depend on the motion of energy-carrying electrons to impart their pharmacological influences? This section addresses
this important subject as it relates to DNA.
According to widely renowned cancer investigator Dr. Merrill Garnett, molecules hold and store electrical current at particular voltages. “Or there may be a smooth rise in the current being
held until it reaches a certain voltage point and then the current
will descend. These are what we refer to as the voltage peaks.
This has to do with the atomic configuration and the electrons
that are added in particular ranges and the characteristics of that
molecule.”(Garnett, 2001)
Helping to explain this electrical phenomenon as it involves
oxidation and reduction, along with the role played by DNA in
these energetic processes, Dr. Garnett relayed this experiment
and explanation in describing his quest for a cancer cure:
Let’s say you scan from zero to minus one volt. Voltage
has a convention that’s different than current. The signs are
reversed. So increasing the number of electrons in voltage is
what we call reducing. It has more negative potential. So you
scan toward more negative potential, toward more reducing
force in which the instrument loads the molecule with electrical current. And after the instrument gets to minus a volt
and you start decreasing the voltage, so you’re now oxidizing, or pulling electrons back. . . . You also have a reverse, or
anodic peak, an upside down hill. These wave forms are the
molecule’s electronic signature.
If you take the average point between those two peaks,
which is called a standard potential, it represents the behavior of that atom under those parameters: the scan speed, the
drop size of the electrode, the particular electrolyte at a particular pH. You set up a standard system so you can look at
a molecule in a particular way, electronically, which is representative of its electrical behavior; its reduction and oxidation in that particular voltage range. So now you can add
another substance to it, one that doesn’t read in that range.
Let’s say we add DNA, which doesn’t read in the minus voltage range, so that any electrical influence on that substance
will be read purely by the change in the molecular signature.
If the additional substance changes the electrical character in
a range in which that substance doesn’t read, you set about
deciding how the new substance did that. In what direction
it changed its electrical character. Did it add electrons to it
or did it take them away. If the reduction hill shrinks, you’ve
lost electrical charge. The area under the reducing curve encloses a space, an integral, which describes the capacitance
of the molecule. As that capacitance drops, that charge is lost
to the material you’ve added. So now you see that the charge
has gone from the drug being studied to the DNA. That
means that the drug has been oxidized or has lost charge,
and the DNA has been reduced or has gained charge.
The rate at which the hill disappears is of great importance.
For example, if we run a scan over and over, the number of
scans it takes for the reducing hill to disappear is the interval necessary to get rid of the charge. So if it happens right
away you have a rapid effective reaction. . . . So the more
rapidly and efficiently one could transfer electron charge
to DNA, the more effective was the potency against cancer
in the [drug] screen[ing]. The major event occurred on the
electrochemistry instrument. I got a beautiful tracing, because when I challenged DNA in 15 cyclic passes most of
the signal disappeared and transferred to the DNA. That was
the most important signal I ever observed. . . .”[Emphasis
added](Garnett, 2001)
Chromosomes and Nucleosomes: Helical Energy Coils
Additionally, Dr. Garnett explained DNA’s electrodynamics
this way:
In the Chromosome, structures called Nucleosomes, which
are DNA coiled around histone proteins, exist by the billions. They are found all through the Chromosomes. This is
exciting because the Nucleosome is characteristically a stabilizing presence. As a coil, it has electronic inductance, and
since we have a series of coils, we have a series inductance
circuit. DNA current passes initially through the helix in a
state where it can discharge its field energy. Hence, we have
a pulse within the DNA interacting with other biomolecules
like the membrane. The pulse can go in and come out, and
the DNA is not imperiled. This proves an interesting model
for the biological pulse.(Garnett, 2000)
Electrical and Electromagnetic Properties of Cells
If the preceding information has yet to convince you that
everything in life operates energetically, the following technical information may compel you to appreciate the electrical and
electromagnetic field (EMF) dynamics associated with the genetic regulation of biological systems. If you are an intelligent lay
reader, you are encouraged to join the more technically minded
in integrating this little-known information as it pertains to the
central mission of this book. That is, to generate greater public appreciation for the full spiritual (i.e., electromagnetic and
bioacoustic) domains of DNA operations, including the many
electrical mechanisms involved in genetic control of life, yours
included.
Topics introduced in the following pages include: 1) electro-energy dependent cell membrane receptors for hormones,
growth factors, cytokines, and neurotransmitters. These can lead
to alteration/initiation of membrane regulation of intra and intercellular processes; 2) electrochemically-induced alteration
of mineral entry through the cell membranes; 3) activation or
inhibition of cytoplasmic enzyme reactions; 4) increasing the
electrical potential and capacitance of cell membranes; 5) changes in dipole orientation; 6) activation of the DNA helix leading
to increased reading and transcription of codons and increased
protein synthesis; and 7) activation of DNA and cell membrane
receptors that act like antennas for certain windows of frequency
and amplitude leading to the concepts of electromagnetic reception, transduction, and attunement.
As we have mentioned, there are multiple structures in cells
that act as electronic components. If biological tissues and cellular and extracellular components can receive, transduce, and
transmit electric, acoustic, magnetic, mechanical, and thermal vibrations then this may help explain the phenomena listed in
Table 5.1.
Table 5.1.
Biological Phenomena Associated with
Electromagnetic and Bioacoustic Mechanisms
1. Biological reactions to atmospheric
electromagnetic and ionic disturbance
(sunspots, thunder storms, and
earthquakes).
2. Biological reactions to the earth’s
geomagnetic and Schumann fields.
3. Biological reactions to hands-on healing.
4. Biological responses to machines that
produce electric, magnetic, photonic
and acoustical vibrations (i.e., frequency
generators).
5. Medical devices that detect, analyze and
alter biological electromagnetic fields (i.e.,
biofields).
6. Efficacy of techniques such as
acupuncture, moxibustion, and laser
(photonic) acupuncture can result in
healing effects and movement of “Chi” (i.e.,
life force).
7. Possibly how body work such as deep
tissue massage, rolfing, physical therapy,
and chiropractic can promote healing.
8. Holographic communication.
9. How neural therapy works.
10. How electrodermal screening works.
11. How some individuals have the capability
of feeling, interpreting, and correcting
alterations in another individual’s biofield.
12. How weak EMFs have biological importance.
A fundamental property of all matter is that it vibrates with
each atom and molecule vibrating at a characteristic frequency.
All of the molecules of your body and their chemical bonds are
constantly vibrating at a specific rate, which endows these components with the ability to both emit and absorb through resonance electromagnetic and sound energy.
These vibrations also manifest structurally. That is, your frequency vibrations heavily influence your material structure. The
Sacred Spiral structure of DNA in this regard, associated with
the Golden Mean as shown in figure 5.6, may be likened to a
standing energy wave.
According to quantum theory, an entity, whether it is an atom
or a molecule, simultaneously possesses both localized (particle)
and distributed (wave) properties.
When two waves come together they interact with each other
producing an interference pattern, a pattern capable of holding
information as shown in figure 5.6. Information is processed and
cell structures are organized by these forces including the structure and standing waves created by DNA, as well as the energy
fields produced by resonating protein filaments and microtubules
in cytoplasm.
Weak Electromagnetic fields (EMFs)
with Strong
Biological Effects
In order to understand how weak EMFs have biological effects, it is important to understand certain basic concepts. These
have been minimally recognized because of certain scientific assumptions that have proven shortsighted, or downright wrong, in
recent years. Many of these assumptions have been based on the
thermal paradigm and the ionizing paradigm. These paradigms
are based on beliefs that an EMF’s effect on biological tissue is
primarily thermal or ionizing. There is much more involved than
this.
Electric fields need to be measured not just as strong or weak,
but also as low carriers or high carriers of information. This is because electric fields, conventionally defined as thermally strong,
may be low in biological information content. Alternatively,
electric fields conventionally considered as thermally weak or
nonionizing may be high in biological information if the proper receiving equipment exists in biological tissues.
Weak electromagnetic fields are: bioenergetic, bioinformational, non ionizing, non-thermal, and are now known to produce
measurable biological effects. Contrary to official pronouncements, such as those made by energy industrialists and government oversight agencies that fall largely under economic and
political controls, weak electromagnetic fields have effects on organisms, tissues, and cells. These effects can be highly frequency
specific. This makes sense if you consider biological systems
are based on laws of mathematics and physics wherein certain
frequency, harmonics, and resonance rules are established. This
mathematical or numerological influence over life, if you will,
also explains the nonlinear dose response curve demonstrated
in biological systems following exposure to various EMFs and
energy frequencies. Because the effects of weak electromagnetic
fields are nonlinear, fields in the proper frequency and amplitude
windows may produce large effects, which may be beneficial or
harmful.
This frequency dependent dynamic of life includes “the powers of the 3s, 6s and 9s,” described by Nicola Tesla and John
Keely while referring to the metaphysical and biological influence of Pythagorean mathematics.(Horowitz and Puleo, 1999)
Those precise Hertz frequencies exposures that resolve into
these single digit integers (i.e., 3, 6, or 9, including time exposure measures) may be strong cofactors in determining physical
outcomes.
Homeopathy, and the success of homeopathic medicines, is
another example of using weak fields with beneficial electromagnetic effects.
Other examples of thermally weak, but high informational
content fields of the right frequency range are visible light and
the healing touch. The former is used to cure neonatal jaundice.
The latter has been successfully used since biblical times to heal
all sorts of injuries and pathologies.
As you will learn more in the pages ahead, biological tissues have electronic components that can receive, transduce, and
transmit weak electronic signals. Organisms use these weak electromagnetic fields, bioelectric currents, and photonic energies
to synchronize biological operations and communicate virtually
instantaneously with all parts of themselves.
Other related bioenergetic errata includes the fact that electric fields can relay information through frequency and amplitude
fluctuations; that biological organisms demonstrate characteristics of energetic holograms; that healthy organisms have coherent
biofields and sick organisms have field disruptions and chaotic
signals or signal interruptions; and that measures to correct field
disruptions and improve field integration such as acupuncture;
neural therapy, and resonant repatterning therapies have been
shown to promote health.
The Electrical Roles of Membranes and Mitochondria
Electricity in your body comes from the food that you eat
and the air you breathe.(Brown, 1999) Cells derive their energy
from enzyme-catalyzed chemical reactions which involve the
oxidation of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Cells can produce
energy by oxygen-dependent aerobic enzyme pathways and by
less efficient fermentation pathways.(Haltiwanger, 2002)
The specialized proteins and enzymes involved in oxidative
phosphorylation are located on the inner mitochondrial membrane and form a molecular respiratory chain or wire. This molecular wire (electron transport chain) passes electrons donated
by several important electron donors through a series of intermediate compounds to molecular oxygen, which becomes reduced
to water. In the process, lower energy ADP is converted into
higher energy ATP.
When the electron donors of the respiratory chain NADH and
FADH2 release their electrons, hydrogen ions are also released.
These positively charged hydrogen ions are pumped out of the
mitochondrial matrix across the inner mitochondrial membrane
creating an electrochemical gradient. At the last stage of the
respiratory chain these hydrogen ions are allowed to flow back
across the inner mitochondrial membrane and they drive a molecular motor called ATP synthase in the creation of ATP, much
like water drives a water wheel. (Stipanuk, 2000; See figure 5.7.)
This normal energy production process utilizing electron transport and hydrogen ion gradients across the mitochondrial membrane is disrupted in various illnesses, and especially when cells
become cancerous.(Haltiwanger, 2002)
Enzymes: Electrical Switches for DNA
At this juncture, we will define the important role of enzymes
more clearly. Enzymes are catalytic molecules that start and stop
metabolic reactions occurring within cells. For this reason they
are central to cellular energy and electrical processes.
Typically, proteins and metallo-organic molecules exert enzymatic effects. Their special importance was beautifully described by Dr. Merrill Garnett a cancer researcher who labored
to discover “mystery” enzymes associated with regulating the
expression of DNA and its specific genes. He became particularly interested in identifying enzymes responsible for triggering
healthy aerobic cell development.
According to Dr. Garnett, “As you grow older, you become
a different creature. We can only study the individual reactions
which are definable and clear, but in the cell we have a concert
being played. It has a prelude in the baby and the small child,
then an overture in the adolescent, then the recurring themes of
the mature adult and finally the old all because of the mystery
developmental enzymes. Now I’m not saying that the enzymes
are producing anything different as time passes, but that enzymes
turn on and off. A new enzyme comes on the state. There are new
players as the drama unfolds. It’s gene expression, and what we bring here to genetics is the suggestion that the developmental reactions rely heavily on energy.” Dr. Garnett christened the
term electro genetics to best describe this process.(Garnett, 1998;
2001)
“There are three types of enzymes and gene site reactions
which allow the electrical polarization” of cells, according to Dr.
Garnett. “These groups are called: 1. The oxygen vehicle system,
which is the indirect effect of Carbonic anhydrase; 2. The electron transfer system which we call nucleotide reductases, and 3.
Prolyl hydroxylase which allows the outward current. . . . The
nucleotide reductase exists to actually make DNA.” And following the production of DNA, this enzyme also serves in continuing to reduce (i.e., add electrons to) DNA for its electrical and metabolic expression.(Garnett, 1998; 2001)
Carbonic anhydrase was thought, by Dr. Garnett and others,
to be “the first developmental enzyme.” It lowers intracellular
gaseous carbon dioxide and facilitates oxygen uptake by cells.
“Oxygen of course is a great electron carrier. So one begins to
talk about electron transfer and oxygen radicals shortly after we
allow oxygen to come into the cell.
“The next stage, DNA reductase, is an electron transport reaction which is naturally influenced by the presence of oxygen.
The availability of electrons to it is greater in the presence of
oxygen.”(Garnett, 1998; 2001)
The connective tissue protein collagen is formed by the third
developmental enzyme, prolyl hydroxylase. It forms collagen
by putting a hydroxyl radical on to the pro collagen molecule.
Thus, the “transfer of oxygen radical species to procollagen was
a simple experimental model,” used by Dr. Garnett, “which bore
out very well” in the science of electrochemistry.
Dr. Garnett summarized his important determinations thusly:
So we now had two parts of the inward current; the admission of oxygen and the transfer of electrons. And we had one
part of the outward current; the transfer of hydroxyl. What
we had was three reactions that describe development; admission of oxygen, the transfer of electrons, and the outward
transfer of hydroxyls. They are all compatible and interrelated. You can’t make a hydroxyl without oxygen or without
electrons or their water products. So far these three are the
lead developmental enzymes of electrogenetics.
During his enzyme experiments, Dr. Garnett and colleagues
attempted to treat cancer cells based on simultaneously treating
tumors with “opposite charges.” They realized that if you enzymatically “transfer electrons and protons at the same time,” (i.e.,
moving neutral hydrogen atoms) you can eliminate the fever response during chemotherapy.(Garnett, 1998; 2001)
Quantum Mechanics and Complex Electron Dynamics
The following summary of biophysics was published by
Miller et. al., in 2002. Their exceptional work applying this
knowledge to the field of electro genetics and “bio-holography”
is detailed in the final chapter of this book. The information that
follows is reprinted with the lead author’s permission:
“Particles found in biological processes include photons,
electrons, protons, elementary ions, inorganic radicals, organic
radicals, molecules, and molecular aggregates. . . .
“Photons act upon electrons by raising their energy
state. This process is called excitation. Excited electrons can
drop back to more stable energy levels and emit photons [of light
energy]. Electron excitations can lead to the formation of electrical bonds between molecules. These represent the traditional
bonds of classical chemistry. The breaking of such bonds can, by
reverse process, lead to the excitation of electrons.
“In living systems the excitation of electrons by photons,
and the subsequent conversion of that excitation into the bond energy, is called photosynthesis. This is the basic builder of biological structures.
“The reversal of this process is called bioluminescence. During this process, energy is transferred from a molecular bond to
an excited electron. This results in the emission of a light energy
photon. In 1957, Szent-Gyorgyi suggested that the energetics of
living creatures could be best understood in terms of photosynthesis and its reversal, bioluminescence.
“As mentioned previously, all cellular processes are driven
by energy derived from the breaking of chemical bonds and the
excitation of electrons. Depending upon the particular environment and circumstances, the excitation of electron energy can be
converted in one of three ways: (1) conversion into heat and dissipation (2) translation of molecules or ions through the cell, or
(3) transformation of the molecules’ geometric form which can,
and most often does, profoundly influence biomolecular activity
and/or reactivity.
“The formation of a certain type of chemical bond known as
the resonance bond (most easily seen with the benzene molecule)
leads to a peculiar situation in which certain electrons are freed
from a local, or particular, location in the molecule. These are
then free to travel around the entire molecule. This means that
the electrons occupy an energy shell of the whole molecule as
opposed to any particular atom in the molecule. The existence
of molecular systems with mobile electrons has been found to
be of profound significance in the manifestation, or precipitation, of life.” This will be discussed in great detail in Chapter 12
wherein consideration is given to works by the Russian investigator, Gariaev (1994; 1995), and a more recent publication by
Miller, et. al., (2002).
“Hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, which compose
99 percent of all living systems, are among the atoms in the periodic table which form the multiple bonds most easily leading to
mobile electrons. Sulphur and phosphorus, which are extremely important for life processes, also form such multiple bonds quite
easily.
“All the essential biochemical substances, which perform the
fundamental functions of living matter, are composed completely
or partially of such mobile electrons. Molecules which contain
these electrons are known as conjugated systems.(Pullman and
Pullman, 1963). The essential fluidity of life may correspond with
the fluidity of the electronic cloud in conjugated molecules. Such
systems may best be considered as both the cradle and the main
backbone of life.
“Conjugate bonded molecules may interact in a variety of
ways. Among these types of interaction can be found the interpenetration of electron orbitals which permits an electromagnetic
coupling between molecules. This coupling can permit activated
electron energy to pass from one molecule to another in the same
way a radio can transmit a message to a radio receiver. There is
also the possibility of the transfer of an entire electron which is
known as charge transfer.
“It is possible for a molecular complex to contain several
electrically-charged radicals at different positions on the main
molecule, each of which are conjugated. If these are in close
enough proximity, or can be brought into proximity by changes
in the structural configuration of the molecule, a charge can pass
between these two groups. . . . It has been suggested by SzentGyorgyi (1968) that the sugars and phosphates that make up the
side of the alpha helix of DNA can permit the passage of electrons. Thus, your human genome functions as a conductor of
energy.
“Biological energy conduction systems operate primarily as
amorphous semiconductors as opposed to resembling metallic
conductors. These do not have sharply defined energy bands in
which electrons may flow, as opposed to other bands in which
they are bound rigidly.
“According to McGinness (1972), there is a spread, or bell curve, in which the points, or tails, are bound more closely to
a particular molecule. The hump of the bell curve represents a
conducting band that permits electrons to flow across the surface
of a particular molecule or between molecules. This means, in
essence, that protein molecules that are composed of amino acid
sequences may act as organic circuits. The amino acids each
have a donor group and an acceptor group on opposing ends. This
means that a string or series of amino acids could pass a charge
along as if it were being passed along a series of spines sticking
up from the main body of the molecule.
“Different pathways could arise along the surface of a protein
molecule by amino acid radicals projecting out from the surface
of their protein. The shape of protein molecules is a function of
the energetic state of the molecules. This is influenced bio-acoustically and electromagnetically as will be discussed later. At this
juncture, it is sufficient to know that charges, and the conjugate
systems on the radicals that make up the protein, influence molecular shapes [and biological outcomes].
“When a protein is first manufactured, and then peels off
from the ribosome, it immediately assumes a three-dimensional
spatial pattern. This shape is directly related to the charges on
its surface and the ways in which they interact.”(Miller, et. al.,
2002)
To summarize basic biophysics, the biological activity
or specificity of action of various molecules is intimately related to their structure or their exact three-dimensional spatial
configuration. Electronic energy, and electrons, move through
protein molecules, and between their different parts, and can pass
among different molecules. We now understand that energetic
mechanisms for biological regulation involve electron flows and
electron transfers of electronic energy between molecules. These
molecules change their shape, and thereby change their specific
action and activity, based on their energy status. Additionally influencing biomolecular activity, or reactivity, is the fusion of
electron clouds within a conjugated system and among conjugated systems. These mechanisms can account for cohesion,
which is the adherence of such molecules to each other for the
governing of energy transfers or chemical operations. Such fusion, and related phenomena, greatly influences the structure of
larger aggregates of molecules and portions of living cells, such
as membranes.
Energized Structures Involved in Carcinogenesis
As mentioned previously, many mainstream cancer researchers believe that cancerous transformation arises due to changes
in the genetic code. However, far more goes on during carcinogenesis than genetic abnormalities alone.
A series of papers written by Illmensee, Mintz and Hoppe in
the 1970-1980s showed that replacing the fertilized nucleus of a
mouse ovum by the nucleus of a teratocarcinoma did not create
a mouse with cancer. Instead the mice when born were cancer
free.(Seeger and Wolz, 1990) These studies suggest the theory
that abnormalities in other cell structures outside of the nucleus,
such as the cell membrane and the mitochondria, and functional
disturbances in cellular energy production and cell membrane
potential, are also involved in cancerous transformation.
In examining data that support this theory, as far back as
1938, Dr. Paul Gerhardt Seeger originated the idea that destruction or inactivation of enzymes, like cytochrome oxidase in the
respiratory chain of the mitochondria, was involved in the development of cancer. Seeger indicated in his publications that the
initiation of malignant degeneration was due to alterations not
to the nucleus, but to cytoplasmic organelles.(Seeger and Wolz,
1990)
Mitochondrial dysfunction and changes in cytochrome oxidase have also been reported by other cancer researchers to impact carcinogenesis.(Sharp et al., 1992; Modica-Napolitano et
al., 2001)
Seeger’s findings followed more than 50 years of cancer research. His teams concluded: 1) that cells become more electronegative in the course of cancerization; 2) that membrane
degeneration occurs in the initial phase of carcinogenesis first in
the external cell membrane and then in the inner mitochondrial
membrane; 3) the degenerative changes in the surface membrane
causes these membranes to become more permeable to water soluble substances. Then potassium, magnesium, and calcium
migrate from the cells and sodium and water accumulate in the
cell interior; 4) the degenerative changes in the inner membrane
of the mitochondria causes loss of anchorage of critical mitochondrial enzymes; and 5) the mitochondria in cancer cells degenerate and are reduced in number. (Seeger and Wolz, 1990;
Haltiwanger, 2002)
Toxic Inhibition of Bioelectric Functions
Numerous toxins have been identified that are capable of
causing cancerous transformation. Many of these toxins not only
cause genetic abnormalities, but also affect the structures and
electrical functions of the cell membrane and the mitochondria.
Toxic compounds that disrupt the electrical potential of cell
membranes and the structure of mitochondrial membranes will
deactivate the electron transport chain and disturb oxygen-dependent energy production. Cells will then revert to fermentation, which is a less efficient primeval form of energy production.
According to Seeger and others, the conversion to glycolysis,
secondary to the deactivation of the electron transport chain, has
a profound effect on the proliferation of tumor cells. These researchers believe that the virulence of cancer cells is inversely
proportional to the activity of the respiratory chain. Conversion to
glycolysis as a primary mechanism for energy production results
in excessive accumulation of organic acids and pH reductions
almost universally demonstrated in cancerous tissues.(Seeger
and Wolz, 1990; Haltiwanger, 2002)
The Body: Electric Vehicle of Consciousness
Among the electrical properties that cells demonstrate are the
ability to conduct electricity, create electrical fields, and function
as electrical generators and batteries. This sounds like a science
fiction movie, but it is a scientifically-proven reality,
In electrical equipment the electrical charge carriers are electrons. In the body, electricity is carried by a number of mobile
charge carriers as well as electrons. Although many supposed authorities argue that electricity in the body is only carried by charged
ions, Robert O. Becker and others have shown that electron semi conduction also takes place in biological polymers.(Becker and
Selden, 1985; Becker, 1990)
The major charge carriers of biological organisms are negatively charged electrons, positively charged hydrogen protons,
positively charged sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium
ions, and negatively charged anions particularly phosphate ions.
The work of Mae Wan Ho and Fritz Popp proved that cells and
tissues also conduct electricity, and are linked by electromagnetic phonons and photons.(Ho, 1996; Haltiwanger, 2002)
The body uses the exterior cell membrane, and positively
charged mineral ions that are maintained in different concentrations on each side of the cell membrane, to create a cell membrane potential (i.e., a voltage difference across the membrane)
and a strong electrical field around the cell membrane. As shown
in figure 5.10, this electrical field is a readily available source of
energy for a significant number of cellular activities including
membrane transport and the generation of electrical impulses in
the brain, nerves, heart, and muscles. (Brown, 1999)
The storage of electrical charge in the membrane and the
generation of an electrical field create a battery function so that
the liquid crystal semiconducting cytoskeletal proteins can in a
sense plug into this field and power up cell structures such as
genetic material. In other words, within the cytoplasm of cells lies a protein crystal network or lattice-like electrical matrix
through which electrical currents and electromagnetic fields are
conducted and pass to affect the major structures and functions
of all cells.
The voltage potential across cellular membranes create surprisingly powerful electric fields that approach 10,000,000 volts/
meter according to Reilly and up to 20,000,000 volts/meter according to Brown.(Reilly, 1998; Brown, 1999)
Like cellular membranes, the body uses mitochondrial membranes and positively charged hydrogen ions to create strong
membrane potentials. Hydrogen ions are maintained in a high
concentration on the outside of the inner mitochondrial membrane by the action of the electron transport chain. This creates
a mitochondrial membrane potential of about 40,000,000 volts/
meter. When this proton electricity flows back across the inner
mitochondrial membrane it is used to power a molecular motor
called ATP synthase, which loads negatively charged phosphate
anions onto ADP thus creating ATP.(Brown, 1999)
ADP, ATP and other molecules that are phosphate carriers are
electrochemical molecules that exchange phosphate charges between other cellular molecules. According to Brown, “The flow
of phosphate charge is not used to produce large-scale electrical
gradients, as in conventional electricity, but rather more local
electrical fields within molecules.”(Brown, 1999) The body uses
phosphate electricity to activate and deactivate enzymes in the
body by charge transfer, which causes these enzymes to switch
back and forth between different conformational states. So in a
sense enzymes and other types of proteins such as cytoskeletal
proteins may function as electrical switches.
The liquid crystal proteins that compose the cytoskeleton
support, stabilize, and connect the liquid crystal components of
the cell membrane with other cell organelles. The cytoskeletal
proteins have multiple roles:
These proteins composing the cytoskeleton serve as mechanical scaffolds that organize enzymes and water, and anchor the
cell to structures in the extracellular matrix via linkages through
the cell membrane. According to Wolfe, “cytoskeletal frameworks also reinforce the plasma membrane and fix the positions
of junctions, receptors, and connections to the extracellular
matrix.”(Wolfe, 1993)
Self-assembling cytoskeletal proteins are dynamic network
structures that create a fully integrated electronic and probably
fiber-optic continuum that links and integrates the proteins of the
extracellular matrix with the cell organelle.(Haltiwanger, 1998;
Oschman, 2000)
Cytoskeletal proteins also structurally and electronically link
the cell membrane with cell organelles.
Ultimately, every part of your body is linked bio-electrically
to every other body part, and to the ambient environment within
which you exist.
Cytoskeletal Proteins are Altered in Cancer Cells
Given this more comprehensive understanding of electrical
linkages throughout the body in health, consider what happens
during disease. We will use cancer, once again, to illustrate.
Alterations in cancer cells include a reversion to arrangements typical of embryonic cells. Contacts and connections with
the extracellular matrix (ECM) and neighboring cells break down
in cancer cells. The change of connections of the cytoskeletal
proteins with ECM components, and the cell membrane, disrupts
the flow of inward current into cancer cells, affects their genetic
activity, and is an important factor in disabling oxygen-dependent energy production.
Cells obtain energy from food either by fermentation or oxygen-mediated cellular respiration. Both methods start with the
process of glycolysis, which is the splitting of glucose (6 carbon)
into two molecules of pyruvate (3 carbon). Biologists recognize that glycolysis, the oldest metabolic way to produce ATP energy,
has been preserved as a backup system in all living organisms.
Glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen in order to produce ATP, but it is also a much less efficient
method than aerobic respiration.
The enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase plays a pivotal role in
determining whether energy is extracted from glucose by aerobic
or anaerobic methods. This enzyme exists in an altered form in
cancer cells.(Garnett, 1998)
Overall membrane changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, loss
of normal cellular electronic connections, and enzyme changes
are all factors that contribute to the permanent reliance of cancer
cells on the ancient method of glycolysis for energy production.
The Electrical Charge at Cell Surfaces
All cells possess an electrical potential that exists across the
cell membrane. This is commonly referred to as the cell membrane potential. Why is this the case?
Cell membranes are composed of a bilayer of highly mobile fat (i.e., lipid) molecules that electrically act as insulators
(i.e., dielectrics; see figure 5.10.) The insulating properties of
the cell membrane lipids also act to restrict the movement of
charged ions and electrons across the membrane except through
specialized membrane-spanning protein-ion-channels;(Aidley
and Stanfield, 1996) Membrane-spanning protein semiconductors may also be active in this transmembrane flow of charged
particles.(Oschman, 2000)
Since cell membranes are selectively permeable to sodium
and potassium ions, a different concentration of these and other
charged mineral ions build up on either side of the membranes.
The different concentrations of these charged molecules cause
the outer membrane surface to have a relatively higher positive
charge than the inner membrane surface. This creates an electrical potential across the membrane.(Charman, 1996) All cells have an imbalance in electrical charges between the inside of the
cell and the outside of the cell. This difference, again, is known
as the cell membrane potential.
Because this membrane potential is created by the difference
in the concentration of ions inside and outside the cell, this creates an electrochemical force, or gradient, across the cell membrane. According to peer reviewed science, “Electrochemical
forces across the membrane regulate chemical exchange across
the cell.” The cell membrane potential helps control cell membrane permeability to a variety of nutrients and helps turn on the
machinery of the cell; particularly energy production, and the
synthesis of macromolecules. (Reilly, 1998)
All healthy cells have a membrane potential of about -60
to -100mV. The negative sign of the membrane potential indicates that the inside surface of the cell membrane is relatively
more negative than the immediate exterior surface of the cell
membrane.(Cure, 1991) In living cells, the inside surfaces of
cell membranes is slightly negative relative to its external cell
membrane surface.(Reilly, 1998) If you consider the transmembrane potential of healthy cells, the electric field across
human cell membranes at any given moment, as mentioned, is
enormous!(Brown, 1999; Reilly, 1998)
Healthy cells maintain, inside of themselves, a high concentration of potassium and a low concentration of sodium. But when
cells are injured, or cancerous, sodium and water flows into the
cells and potassium, magnesium, calcium and zinc are lost from
the cell interior. Then the cell membrane potential falls.(Cone,
1970, 1975, 1985; Cope, 1978).
In originally writing on this subject for a monograph on cancer, Dr. Haltiwanger found that trying to describe which of the
above changes came first, was much like arguing whether chickens preceded eggs. What is known is that carcinogenic cofactors
include changes in:
1) cell membrane structure;
2) membrane
function;
3) cell concentrations of minerals;
4) cell membrane
potentials;
5) electrical connections within the cells and between cells; and
6) changes in cellular energy production.
For more
insight into these changes, consider the next section’s discussion
on the electrodynamic zones of every cell.
Discrete Electrical Zones in Cells
Cell physiologist Robert Charman is exceptional in relaying understanding that the electrical properties of a cell vary by
location.
According to Charman, a cell contains four electrified
zones.(Charman, 1996) As shown in figure 5.10, the central zone
contains negatively charged organic molecules and maintains a
steady bulk negativity. An inner positive zone exists between the
inner aspect of the cell membrane and the central negative zone.
The inner positive zone is composed of a thin layer of freely
mobile mineral cations particularly potassium and, according to
Hans Nieper, a small amount of calcium as well.(Nieper, 1985)
The outer positive zone exists around the outer surface of the
cell membrane and consists of a denser zone of mobile cations
composed mostly of sodium, calcium, and a small amount of potassium. Because the concentration of positive charges is larger
on the outer surface of the cell membrane than the concentration
of positive charges on the inner surface of the cell membrane an
electrical potential exists across the cell membrane.
If you wonder how the surface of cells can be electrically
negative if a shell of positively charged mineral ions surrounds
the exterior surface of the cell membrane, the answer lies in the
glycocalyx the existence of an outer electrically negative zone
composed of the outermost cell coat.
This outermost electrically negative zone is composed of
negatively charged sialic acid molecules that cap the tips of
glycoproteins and glycolipids that extend outward from the cell
membrane like tree branches. The outermost negative zone is
separated from the positive cell membrane surface by a distance of about 20 micrometers. According to Charman, “It is this outermost calyx zone of steady negativity that makes each cell act as a
negatively charged body; every cell creates a negatively charged
field around itself that influences any other charged body close
to it.”(Charman, 1996)
As stated in figure 5.10, it is the negatively charged sialic
acid residues of the cell coat (glycocalyx) that gives each cell its
zeta potential. Since the negatively charged electric field around
cells are created by sialic acid residues, any factor that increases
or decreases the number of sialic acid residues will change the
degree of surface negativity a cell exhibits. Later in this chapter
we will discuss how cancer cells have significantly more sialic
acid molecules in their cell coat and, as a result, cancer cells have
a greater surface negativity.
In advancing a clinical discussion on this subject, Dr. Haltiwanger cited one possible reason that enzyme therapy is beneficial in cancer. He believes certain enzymes can remove sialic
acid residues from cancer cells reducing their surface negativity.
Bioelectric Changes in Cancer Cells
There are at least five characteristic features of cancer cells
that affect their activity and abnormality. Cancer cells have:
1. less efficient production of cellular energy (ATP);
2. cell membranes that exhibit different electrochemical
properties and a different distribution of electrical charges
than normal tissues.(Cure, 1991; 1995);
3. different lipid and sterol content than normal
cells.(Revici, 1961);
4. altered membrane composition and membrane permeability, which results in the movement of potassium, magnesium and calcium out of cancer cells and the accumulation of
sodium and water into cells.(Seeger and Wolz, 1990);
5. have lower potassium concentrations and higher sodium
and water content than normal cells.(Cone, 1970, 1975;
Cope, 1978)
As a result of these mineral movements, membrane composition changes, energy abnormalities, and membrane charge distribution abnormalities, there is a drop in the normal membrane
potential and membrane capacitance. We will now discuss these
features in more depth.
Minerals and Membrane potentials
One of the mysteries of cancer is whether energy abnormalities cause or contribute to the mineral alterations, or whether
mineral alterations and membrane changes cause or contribute to
the observed energy abnormalities. In either case, mitochondrial
production of ATP is disrupted. All these bioenergetic abnormalities, generally overlooked by mainstream medical researchers
and oncologists, are present and should be addressed therapeutically.
A change in mineral content of the cell, particularly an increase in the intracellular concentration of positively charged
sodium ions and an increase in negative charges on the cell coat
(glycocalyx) are two of the major factors causing cancerous cells
to have lower membrane potentials than healthy cells. (Cure,
1991)
Cancer cells exhibit both lower electrical membrane potentials and lower electrical impedance than normal cells. (Cone,
1985; Blad and Baldetorp, 1996; Stern, 1999) The reduction in
membrane electrical field strength will in turn cause alterations
in the metabolic functions of the cell.
As mentioned, normal cells in their resting phase maintain
a high membrane potential of around -60mV to -100mV. When
cells begin cell division, and DNA synthesis, the membrane
potential falls to around 15mV. (Cure, 1995) Then, when cellscomplete their cell divisions, their membrane potentials return
to normal. This also strongly indicates genetic activity occurring
during mitosis is electromagnetically supported, if not driven.
Related findings were published in Science by Seykally and
colleagues at the University of California’s chemistry department. These investigators determined the electrical gradient between DNA’s inner and outer regions, was in the neighborhood of
-200mV when adequately hydrated with structured water. During
mitosis, and DNA dehydration, electrical potentials drop almost
a hundred fold.(Seykally, 1996) Putting these findings together,
it is possible that mitosis places an extra burden on the structured
water matrix of DNA resulting in reduced electrical potentials.
According to Cone, another outstanding electrical feature
of cancer cells, other than maintaining their membrane potential at a low value, their intracellular concentration of sodium
is higher.(Cone, 1970, 1975, 1985) Cone has discussed in his
publications that a sustained elevation of intracellular sodium
may act as a mitotic trigger causing cells to go into cell division
(mitosis), an earmark of cancer cells.(Cone, 1985).
It is generally thought that a steady supply of cellular energy
and a healthy cell membrane are needed to maintain a normal
or healthy concentration of intracellular minerals and a healthy
membrane potential. This means that conditions associated with:
1) disruption of cellular energy production, and 2) membrane
structure/function alterations, will result in changes in the intracellular mineral concentration and a lowered membrane potential.
This statement may be true for all injured cells besides cancerous ones.
Dr. Cure has proposed that the accumulation of an excessive
amount of negative charges on the exterior surface of cancer
cells will depolarize cancer cell membranes. As previously stated, he also believes that the depolarization (i.e., fall in membrane
potential) of the cancer cell membrane due to the accumulation of excess negative surface charges may precede and create the
reduction in intracellular potassium and the rise in the intracellular sodium launching the cell into a carcinogenic state.(Cure,
1991)
The implications of this heavily supported thesis are profound in terms of the potential role genes play in cancer. If the
creation of an excessive negative charge on the surface of a cell
can initiate a carcinogenic change, then it likewise means genetic
changes can result from the development of cellular electrical
abnormalities. This also means that the development of genetic
abnormalities may not be the prime factor leading to cancerous transformation. This contradicts the dogma regurgitated by
mainstream authorities for most of the twentieth century.
Cure’s theory dovetails with Dr. Paul Gerhardt Seeger’s work
as well. Seeger, another distinguished cancer investigator, proposed that cancer arises from alterations in the functions of cell
organelles outside of the nucleus.(Seeger and Wolz, 1990) This
idea suggests that certain chemicals, viruses, and bacteria may
predispose to carcinogenesis by modifying the electrical charge
of the cell surface resulting in alterations in: a) cell membrane
and organelle membrane electrical potentials, b) the functions
of these membranes, c) intracellular mineral content, d) energy
production, and e) genetic expression.
This knowledge also implies that therapeutic methods that
modify the electrical charge of cell membranes, the composition
of cell membranes, and the content of intracellular minerals, also
result in alterations in genetic activity.
A healthy cell membrane potential is strongly linked to the
control of cell membrane transport mechanisms as well as DNA
activity. It is also critical for protein synthesis and aerobic energy
production. Since injured and cancerous cells cannot maintain a
normal membrane potential they will have electronic dysfunctions that will impede repair and the reestablishment of normal
metabolic functions. Therefore, a key component of cell repair and effective cancer treatment would be to reestablish a healthy
membrane potential in the body’s cells. (Nieper, 1966a, 1966b,
1966c, 1967a, 1967b, 1968, 1985; Alexander, 1997b; Nieper et
al., 1999)
More on the Electrical Properties of Cells
The idea of classifying cancers by their electrical properties
is old. In fact, it was first proposed by Fricke and Morse in 1926.
(Fricke and Morse, 1926) In 1981, Foster and Schepps determined
the lowered electrical conductivity of cancerous tissues, and
heightened resistance to the formation of bioelectric fields,
differed significantly from normal tissues. (Foster and Schepps,
1981) These investigators also determined that cancerous cells
resonated differently from normal cells.
More recently investigators learned that the electrical
conductivity of a tissue depends on both the “physicochemical
bulk properties” properties of tissue fluids and solids and the
microstructural properties (i.e., the geometry of microscopic
compartments). This appears to be related to the electrical
conductivity and permittivity of biological materials which
varies characteristically depending on the frequency of energy
influencing the system.(Scharfetter, 1999)
In healthy tissues, electrical currents are carried by both ionic
conduction and electron semi-conduction. In electrical equipment,
on the other hand, only electrons, or electron holes, carry the
electrical current. Therefore, the electrical properties of biological
tissues depend on the physical mechanisms which control the
mobility and availability of the relevant ions such as sodium,
chloride, potassium, magnesium and calcium.(Scharfetter,
1999)
The electrical charges associated with semiconducting
proteins and extracellular matrix proteoglycans also contribute
to the conductivity of a tissue.
Moreover, the electrical properties of tissues relates to
electron availability, which can be affected by such factors as:
a) the degree of tissue acidity, b) the degree of tissue hypoxia, c)
the degree that water is structured, d) the availability of electron
donors such as antioxidants, and e) the presence of electrophilic
compounds on the cell membrane and in the extracellular matrix
(ECM).
The cell membrane CM interface is the location where
molecules like hormones, peptide growth factors, cytokines, and
neurotransmitters initiate chemical signaling from cell to cell
and where these chemical-signaling events can be regulated and
amplified by the weak nonionizing oscillating electromagnetic
fields that are naturally present in the ECM. (Adey, 1988)
The cell membrane ECM interface has a lower electrical
resistance than the cell membrane so electrical currents will be
preferentially conducted through this space. This cell surface
current flow is involved in controlling many of the physiological
functions of the cells and tissues.(Adey, 1981)
Conductivity in both healthy and diseased tissues, including
malignancies, can be affected by variations in: temperature,
oxygen levels, mineral concentrations in intracellular and
extracellular fluid, the types of minerals present in intracellular
and extracellular fluids, pH (both intracellular and extracellular),
level of hydration (cell water content and extracellular water
content), the ratio of structured/unstructured water inside of the
cell, membrane lipid/sterol composition, free radical activity,
the amount of negative charges present on the surface of cell
membranes, the amount and structure of hyaluronic acid in
the ECM, the emergence of endogenous electrical fields, the
application of external electromagnetic fields, and the presence
of chemical electrophilic toxins and heavy metals both within the
cell and in the ECM.
In summary, the electrical properties of sick cells are
different than the electrical properties of the normal tissues that surround them. Many authors have reported that cancer cells
have higher intracellular sodium, higher content of unstructured
water, lower intracellular potassium, magnesium and calcium
concentrations, and more negative charges on their cell surface.
(Hazelwood et al., 1974; Cone, 1975; Cope, 1978; Brewer, 1985,
Cure, 1991) These abnormalities result in cancer cells having
lower transmembrane potentials than normal cells and altered
membrane permeability. These cell membrane changes interfere
with the flow of oxygen and nutrients into the cells and impair
aerobic metabolism causing cancer cells to rely more on anaerobic
metabolism for energy production. Anaerobic metabolism,
excessive sodium concentrations, low transmembrane potential
and pH alterations in turn create intracellular conditions more
conducive to cellular mitosis. Recognizing that cancer cells have
these altered bioelectric and electrochemical properties also leads
to the formulation of strategies directed toward correcting these
properties.
Very briefly, according to Dr. Robert Pekar, “Every biological
process is also an electric process,” and “health and sickness are
related to the bioelectric currents in your body (Pekar, 1997).”
Alternatively, Dr. Merrill Garnett might conclude cancer, and
other biological challenges, are first and foremost electrogenetic
disturbances vibrational dissonance with a universal rhythm.
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Beginning Electrogenetics
