OCCULT THEOCRASY
BY LADY QUEENBOROUGH
(EDITH STARR MILLER)
CHAPTER XIX
THE ASSASSINS
The Judeo-Shi'a sect of the Assassins or Hashish-ims was founded in 1090 by Hassan Sabah, a Persian, who had been initiated into Ismailism at Cairo, in the household of the Fatimid Caliph, al-Mostansir. He was known as " The Old Man " or rather " The Lord of the Mountain ". His influence in Egypt having excited the envy of many, he was sent into exile. Caliph al-Mustansir " vizier was a Jew named Abu Mansur Sadakah ibn Yussuf ", 1 under whose protection Hassan traversed Persia as a missionary, preaching and making proselytes, and, having seized the fortress of Alamut, on the borders of Irak and Dilem, which he called the " House of Fortune ", he there established his rule.
The history of his time is full of his name. Kings in the very centre of Europe trembled at it; his powerful arm reached everywhere.
According to Heckethorn, " he reduced the nine degrees into which the adherents of the Lodge of Cairo were divided to seven, placing himself at the head, with title of Seydna or Sidna, whence the Spanish Cid, and the Italian Signore. The term Assassins is a corruption of Hashishim, derived from Hashish (Indian hemp) with which the chief intoxicated his followers when they entered on some desperate enterprise.2
" To regulate the seven degrees he composed the Catechism of the Order. The first degree recommended to the missionary attentively to watch the disposition of the candidate, before admitting him to the order. The second impressed it upon him to gain the confidence of the candidate, by flattering his inclinations and passions ; the third, to involve him in doubts and difficulties by showing him the absurdity of the Koran ; the fourth, to exact from him a solemn oath of fidelity and obedience, with a promise to lay his doubts before his instructor ; and the fifth, to show him that the most famous men of Church and State belonged to the secret order. The sixth, called ' Confirmation ', enjoined on the instructor to examine the proselyte concerning the whole preceding course, and firmly to establish him in it. The seventh finally, called the ' Exposition of the Allegory ', gave the keys of the sect.
" The followers were divided into two great hosts, ' self-sacrificers ' and ' aspirants '. The first, despising fatigues, dangers, and tortures, joyfully gave their lives whenever it pleased the master, who required them either to protect himself or to carry out his mandates of death. "
According to the legend " the man selected by the lord to perform the dangerous exploit was first made drunk, and in this state carried into a beautiful valley where he was, on waking, surrounded by lovely sylph-like women who made him believe he was in Elysium ; but when he wearied or became satiated with love and wine, he was once more made drunk, and in this state carried back to his own home. When his services were required, he was again sent for by the lord, who told him that he had once permitted him to enjoy paradise, and if he would do his bidding he could luxuriate in the same delights for the rest of his life. The dupe, believing that his master had the power to do all this, was ready to commit whatever crime was required of him. "
" Several Christian princes were suspected of conniving at the deeds of the Assassins. Richard of England is one of them ; and it has been the loyal task of English writers to free him from the charge of having instigated the murder of Conrad of Montferrat... There also existed for a long time a rumour that Richard had attempted the life of the King of France through Hassan and his Assassins. The nephew of Barbarossa, Frederick II, was excommunicated by Innocent II for having caused the Duke of Bavaria to be slain by the Assassins ; and Frederick II, in a letter to the King of Bohemia, accuses the Duke of Austria of having by similar agents attempted his life. "
The corruption of the Order of The Templars which brought about its downfall has been imputed by most historians to this sect which was suppressed in 1256, when the Mongolians, led by Prince Hulagu, attacked and overthrew them.
CHAPTER XX
THE KNIGHTS TEMPLAR
The first Knights Templar Order, founded in 1118 by Hugh de Payens, had 13 degrees. So has its modern successor; these are : —
BLUE DEGREES
1. Entered Apprentice.
2. Fellow Craft.
3. Master Mason.
CHAPTER DEGREES
4. Mark Mason.
5. Past Master.
6. Most Excellent Master.
7. Royal Arch.
8. Royal Master.
9. Select Master.
10. Super Excellent Master.
11. Knights of the Red Cross
12. Knights Templar.
13. Knights of Malta.
It is chronicled that several of the founders of the Templar Order were initiates in the sect of The Assassins.
Blanchard, writing of it, says : — " During the middle ages, the most eminent warriors and noblemen of Europe entered its ranks. The Knights of the Temple became the bulwark of the Holy Land against the Saracens. France, England and other countries formed associations (Priories) of Templar Knights, each with its own Grand Master and other officers. Such great wealth was accumulated in the treasuries of the order that in the year 1185 its annual income represented a sum equal to thirty millions of dollars. The Templars were bankers and loaned money on their own terms. But wealth and prosperity naturally led to licentiousness, neglect of Templar law and in the end destruction. "
Having embraced Gnosticism while in Palestine, and in touch with the sect of the Assassins, the Templar order degenerated, and some of its members, under the influence of that sect, were said to practice Phallicism or sex-worship and Satanism and to venerate " The Baphomet ", the idol of the Luciferians. The crime of Sodomy was a rite of Templar initiation.
It is here interesting to note that the Phallus holds the lowest rank in Brahmin theology for, in countries where the people are virtually enslaved by superstition, this kind of heresy is useful to the ruling classes.
Morris thus summarizes the fall of the Templars. " In the year 1307, the Grand Master of the order, Jacques de Molay, was arrested in Paris with sixty of his knights and imprisoned upon charges of idolatry and other crimes. Shortly afterward, all the Knights Templar in France were put in prison in Paris. May 12, 1310, fifty-four of them were burnt alive. March 18, 1314, the Grandmaster, with three of his most eminent officers, suffered in like manner. The great possessions of the order were now confiscated and the society suppressed both by the Pope and the leading monarchs of Europe. " 2
In England, the Knights Templar were dissolved in the reign of Edward II, and after the grant of their properties to the Knights Hospitallers, these in their turn were dissolved by Henry VIII.
After the death of Molay, the Knights Templar found a protector in King Dinis II of Portugal who reformed the order in 1317, under the name Knights of Christ.
A complete bibliography of literature both in print and in manuscript, dealing with the subject of the Knights Templar has been compiled by M. Dessubre and the student is referred to his book : Bibliographie de I Ordre des Templiers.
CHAPTER XXI
KNIGHTS OF MALTA
The Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, or Hospitallers of St. John, afterward called Knights of Rhodes and finally Knights of Malta, were founded about the commencement of the Crusades, as a military and religious order.1
CHAPTER XXII
THE ROSICRUCIANS
Speculation has been rife as to the origin of the Rosicrucians, and the many fables and legends connected with the subject have but little historical value.
Owing to the great discrepancy between the information contained in the following article and that given in the more modern editions of the Encyclopaedia Britannica, it has been deemed advisable to reprint the former. (See Enc. Brit., 3r Edition, Vol. 16, year MDCCXCVII (1797) Edinburgh. Bell and Macfarquhar.)
" Rosicrucians, a name assumed by a sect or cabal of hermetical philosophers ; who arose, as it has been said, or at least became first taken notice of in Germany, in the beginning of the fourteenth century. They bound themselves together by a solemn secret, which they all swore inviolably to preserve : and obliged themselves, at their admission into the order, to a strict observance of certain established rules. They pretended to know all sciences, and chiefly medicine : whereof they published themselves the restorers. They pretended to be masters of abundance of important secrets, and, among others, that of the philosopher's stone : all which they affirmed to have received by tradition from the ancient Egyptians, Chaldeans, the Magi, and Gymnosophists.
They have been distinguished by several names, accommodated to the several branches of their doctrine. Because they pretend to protect the period of human life, by means of certain nostrums, and even to restore youth, they were called Immortals ; as they pretended to know all things, they have been called Illuminati; and because they have made no appearance for several years, unless the sect of Illuminated which lately started up on the continent derives its origin from them, they have been called the Invisible Brothers.
Their society is frequently signed by the letters F. R. C. which some among them interpret fratres roris cocti; it being pretended that the matter of the philosopher's stone is dew concocted, exalted, etc. Some, who are no friends to freemasonry, make the present flourishing society of free-masons a branch of Rosicrucians ; or rather the Rosicrucians themselves, under a new name or relation, viz. as retainers to building. And it is certain, there are some freemasons who have all the characters of Rosicrucians ; but how the area and original of masonry, and that of Rosicrucianism here fixed from Nadaeus, who has written expressly on the subject, conflict, we leave others to judge.
Notwithstanding the pretended antiquity of the Rosicrucians, it is probable that the alchemists, Paracel-sists, 1 or fire-philosophers, who spread themselves through almost all Europe about the close of the 16th century, assumed about this period the obscure and ambiguous title of Rosicrucian brethren, which commanded at first some degree of respect, as it seemed to be borrowed from the arms of Luther, which were a cross placed upon a rose. But the denomination evidently appears to be derived from the science of chemistry.
It is not compounded, says Motheim, as many imagine of the two words rosa and crux, which signify rose and cross, but of the latter of these words, and the Latin ros, which signifies dew. ... At the head of these fanatics were Robert Fludd, an English physician, Jacob Behmen, and Michael Mayer ; but if rumour may be credited, the present Illuminated have a head of higher rank. The common principles, which serve as a kind of centre of union to the Rosicrucian society, are the following :
They all maintain that the dissolution of bodies, by the power of fire, is the only way by which men can arrive at true wisdom, and come to discern the first principles of things. They all acknowledge a certain analogy and harmony between the powers of nature and the doctrines of religion ; and believe that the Deity governs the kingdom of grace by the same laws with which he rules the kingdom of nature ; and hence they are led to use chemical denominations to express the truth of religion. They all hold that there is a sort of divine energy, or soul, diffused through the frame of the universe, which some call the argheus, others the universal spirit, and which others mention under different appellations. They all talk in the most superstitious manner of what they call the signatures of things, of the power of the stars, over all corporeal beings, and their particular influence upon the human race, of the efficacy of magic, and the various ranks and orders of demons — These demons they divide into two orders, sylphs and gnomes. " 2
This article having been written in 1747 only hinted at what the Rose Croix might have been. Subsequent research upon the organization of the Fraternity, its tenets and its achievements, shows it to have been a medium for the propagation of Gnosticism and a centre for political activities. Before it conquered Freemasonry, which was officially instituted in 1717, many names were already associated intimately with this esoteric organization. Among others were Faustus Socinius, Cesare Cremonini, Michael Maier, Valentin Andrea, Thomas Vaughan (Philaletes), Charles Blount, Frede-rich Helvetius, Richard Simon, and Theophilus Desa-guliers.
It is claimed that Faustus Socinius, named after Faustus, the Manichee, nephew of Lelius Socinius, whose teacher was Camillo Renato, was an intimate of Rosicrucianism and the founder of the Socinians.
Catholics and Protestants alike opposed Faustus Socinius in his efforts to graft a secret cult on the existing orthodox religions, and in 1598, the people of Cracovia, revolted by his doctrines, pillaged his house, burned his books and manuscripts and almost massacred their author. He had sworn hatred to the church and busied himself in founding an association the aims of which were to be subversive to all its teachings, and two years before his death, he was obliged to take refuge from his enemies with one Abraham Blonski.
The membership of the Rose Croix was composed of Alchemists, Astrologers and Spiritists whose quest was the search for a process for transmuting base metals into gold and the secret of life. To most of these " generation was the root principle of Achemy. " 3
The order of the Rose Croix revealed itself in 1614 with the appearance of two books, Fama Fraternitatis and the Confessio attributed to Valentin Andrea giving the legend of the travels of Christian Rosenkreutz.
According to Charles T. McClenachan 33°, Historian, Grand Lodge State of New York, this same legend had appeared as the work of Raymond Lulli, who died in 1315.
In this legend, translated into English in 1616 by Robert Fludd, a symbolic personage called Christian Rosenkreuz, destined to live 106 years on earth, travelled in the East where he studied the Cabala and, on his return to his native Germany, he revealed to three disciples the secret of secrets, the great secret of theosophy. 4 Finally, he retired to a cave to finish his days in solitude, dying in 1484 at the age of 106. His disciples came, enshrouded him and disappeared. His grave was to be unknown for six times twenty years at the end of which period it was to become the hearth of the light destined to illuminate the world at the time appointed by God. In 1604, chance brought men to this cave. On entering, great was their surprise to find it resplendent with a bright light. It contained an altar bearing upon a copper plate the inscription " Living, I reserved this light for my grave. " One mysterious figure was accompanied by this epigram " Never vacant ". A second figure " The Yoke of the Law ". A third figure " The Liberty of the Gospels ". A fourth " The Glory of the Whole God ". The hall still contained lamps burning without fuel, mirrors of various shapes and boks. Upon the wall was written " In six times twenty years I will be discovered ". The prophecy was fulfilled, adds the fable, by way of conclusion.
The movement was greatly furthered by the impulse given it when, after the appearance of the Fama Fraternitatis and Confessio, a German Alchemist, Michael Maier, an English Physician, Robert Fludd and a Pietist, Julius Sperber, wrote treatises in defence or explanation of the order of the Rose Croix.
It has repeatedly been stated that Michael Maier, who frequently visited England, was a friend of Robert Fludd. He was the author of Themis Aurea and Silentium post Clamores, both Rosicrucian works. His political influence may be judged from his career. Physician to Rudolf II, he was created by him Count of the Palatinate, and acted as adviser to his sovereign. In 1609, Rudolf II issued an Imperial Charter granting religious liberty to the Moravians.5
Masonic authorities state that Maier, as a Rosicrucian, changed his official title to Summus Magister, Sovereign Master, which is that used by all his successors and borne by the principal Socinian Rose-Croix documents, dating from the time of Faustus Socinius to that of Johann Wolff, which are preserved in the Sovereign Patriarchal Council of Hamburg. (That is the Supreme Jewish Lodge secretly affiliated to International Masonry.)
In his book Themis Aurea, written in 1616 and 1617 and printed in 1618, Maier, the Grandmaster, refers to a resolution passed at a meeting in 1617 in which it was formally agreed that the Brotherhood of the Rose Croix must maintain the strictest secrecy for a hundred years. On October 31 1617, the Convention of the Seven at Magdebourg had indeed agreed to qualify its members during the ensuing one hundred years of secrecy as " The Invisibles ". It had renewed its oath to destroy the church of Jesus Christ and had decreed that, in the year 1717, it would transform the fraternity into an association which could carry on a more or less open propaganda, while adopting such measures of prudence as might then be deemed expedient by the leaders of the sect. Finally, the Seven adopted definitely, as being sufficiently original to appeal to the popular imagination, Valentin Andrea's curious story of the Rose Croix which had been secretly print-ted in Venice towards 1613.
Robert Fludd was the author of Tractatus Apologeticus (1617) and Clavis Philosophiae et Alchymiae (1633). He was greatly helped in the foundation of the Rose Croix order in England by Francis Bacon, author of Nova Atlantis 6 (1624).
Valentin Andrea to whom, as we have seen, are ascribed the works Fama and Confessio, as well as Chemical Nuptials, had, in 1640, been appointed preacher to the Duke of Brunswick Wolfenbuttel, who was soon to make him his chaplain.
To those who know the important part played by a Duke of Brunswick during the French Revolution, this entrance of the Brunswick family into the sect is very interesting. As a Rosicrucian, Andrea was the teacher of Comenius (Amos Kominsky), who frequently visited England during his mysterious political career. Bishop of a Moravian community, Comenius was the leader of the Moravian Brethren, a sect pledged to achieve the extermination of the Catholic church and which, being considered heretical, was also suspected of practising secret satanism. The Moravians were imbued with Socinianism, that is the doctrine of Lelius Socinius which had been spread among them by his nephew Faustus Socinius who had found refuge in Moravia when persecuted by the Church. Their link with Rosicrucianism had already been established in the person of the pietist, Julius Sperber, who was also one of their leaders. When Kominsky was persecuted, he first went to London in 1641 and, early the next year, went to Sweden where he was granted refuge and help by the powerful Swedish Minister, Count Axel Oxenstiern, himself a Rosicrucian adept and protector of another initiate, Ludwig van Geer from Holland.
The combination of the pursuit of alchemy and hermeticism with political aims was frequently evidenced even before the official appearance of Rosicrucianism. The influence of adepts on the destinies of nations was immense.
To Queen Elizabeth, the advice of John Dee, her alchemist, was always considered in matters affecting national policy, and to Dee, his crystal gazer, Edward Kelly, was indispensable as a medium. 7
Ludwig van Geer, (one of the Seven present at Magdebourg) had settled in Sweden and had won over the chancellor, Count Axel Oxenstierna, then the real regent, in view of the minority of Queen Christina. A great industrialist of Dutch birth, with a colossal fortune made in the manufacture of cannon, he had become a Baron, and as owner of 20 ships of the Swedish fleet, he was an indispensable man.
Another striking Rosicrucian figure was Thomas Vaughan, (Eugenius Philalethes) not to be confused with his pupil, George Starkey, known as Irenius Philalethes.
It is said that it was Thomas Vaughan who, inspired by the writings of Nick Stone, conceived the idea of subverting to the ambition of the sect to which he belonged, the guild of the Freemasons which, owing to its universal character, lent itself better than any other to the realization of his project.
Nick Stone was one of the Seven of the Convention of Magdebourg. As an architect, belonging to the guild of the Freemasons, he had helped Inigo Jones, the grand-master of the English Lodges which, at this period, were nonsectarian. On the other hand, as a Rosicrucian he had grasped, in the Luciferian sense, the idea given by Faustus Socinius, and he had composed, for the nine grades of the fraternity, rituals which the chiefs declared remarkable. His ritual of the eighth degree (Magister Templi) was really Satanic.
Thomas Vaughan, struck by these manuscripts wondered whether it would be possible to extend the teaching of the Rose Croix to all " accepted masons ", who were then admitted to the lodges in an honorary capacity ; the Freemasons received in their guild, under the name of " accepted masons ", peers and men of letters or professional men, as well as rich bourgeois, who enhanced the brilliancy of their meetings and patronized their entertainments. These honorary members were their protectors and benefactors. 8 Vaughan believed that this element, gifted with certain intellectual qualities, would lend itself better to the propagation of the principles of occult Socinianism than the workers of the Fellow Craft, and, having made up his mind that this was the solution of the problem, he hastened to put it into practice.
Some brothers of the Rose Croix were already mingling with the Freemasons. Among the members of the Warrington Lodge were Richard Penkett, James Collier, Richard Sankey, Henry Littler, John Ellam and Hugh Brewer and in London, the Whartons and their friends had slipped into a lodge as " accepted masons ".
Thomas Vaughan encouraged them to spread the principles of Socinius. Finally, at a meeting on the 14th May 1643, he announced that their desultory efforts at restrained proselytizing should be supplanted by a definite programme of entering the guild lodges with the object of using them as instruments to an end.
The account of this meeting of the 14th May 1643, is given in full in the Memoirs of Philalethes and the whole plan of the Freemasonry of today is therein revealed.
So blended are truth and fiction in the active career of this adventurous adept that Vaughan must always remain one of the most mysterious characters of Rosicrucianism.
" When the plague of 1665 drove the Court from London to Oxford, Thomas Vaughan went thither with his patron (the king) and, a little later, took up his residence with the Rector of Albury, the Rev. Sam. Kem, at whose house, on February 27th of that year, he was killed by an explosion in the course of chemical experiments. " 9
His work in Masonry however has remained as his monument. Together with Elias Ashmole, pupil of Rabbi Solomon Frank and protege of James Pagitt, Thomas Vaughan worked up the masonic system of the first three degrees. These degrees, those of Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft and Master Mason were devised for the temptation of the masses, while outside and above them continued the former secret system of the Rose Croix, four degrees of which belonging to the Gold Cross were known as : 1st, Zelator ; 2nd, Theoricus; 3rd, Practicus ; and 4th, Philosophus; teaching merely the principles of alchemy, while the degrees of the Rose Croix were : 5th, Adeptus Minor; 6th, Adeptus Major ; 7th, Ademptus Exemptus, 8th, Magister Templi and 9th, Magus.
Contemporaneous with the evolution of free thought against revealed religion broke the revolution against civil authority plunging England into the throes of civil war, Oliver Cromwell was successful at the head of the Parliament troops while Charles I was everywhere betrayed by men on whom he relied. Henry Blount 10 was among the traitors accruing to Cromwell after the battle of Edgehill; at least the defeat of the king was his pretext, for treason was everywhere premeditated. The word of order was given by the Rose Croix, which had spread rapidly among the Puritans.
The year 1644 ended with the destruction of the Royal power, and Feb. 9, 1649, the day on which the head of Charles I fell at Whitehall, consummated its ruin. The Royal power had in fact been wrecked when the troops of Parliament were victorious, when the queen was obliged to take refuge in France, when the Prince Palatine, Robert, had been defeated, when York had been taken, and when the Commons had obtained against Laud, the Protestant Episcopal Bishop of London, Archbishop of Canterbury, the bill of attainder which declared him guilty of the crime of treason. Laud had stood for resistance to the Puritans.
The connection of the Cromwell family with that of the celebrated Thomas Cromwell, Earl of Essex, whose political ideas, formed in Italy, under the guidance of Machiavelli, had so greatly affected the trend of English history, is here not devoid of interest.
In 1767, a document was discovered which revealed the existence of a society of Freemasons in Italy with about 64,000 members. "11
The document said : — "At last the great mine of the Freemasons of Naples is discovered, of whom the name, but not the secret, was known. Two circumstances are alleged by which the discovery was brought about : — a dying man revealed all to his confessor, that he should inform the king thereof ; a knight, who had been kept in great state by the society, having had his pension withheld, betrayed the Grand Master of the order to the king. This Grandmaster was the Duke of San Severe The king secretly sent a confidential officer with three dragoons to the duke's mansion, with orders to seize him before he had time to speak to any one, and bring him to the palace.
The order was carried out; but a few minutes after, a fire broke out in the duke's mansion, destroying his library, the real object being, as is supposed, to burn all writings having reference to Freemasonry. The fire was extinguished, and the house guarded by troops. The duke having been brought before the king, openly declared the objects, system, seals, government, and possessions of the order. He was sent back to his palace, and there guarded by troops, lest he should be killed by his former colleagues. Freemasons have also been discovered at Florence, and the Pope and the Emperor "have sent thither twenty-four theologians to put a stop to the disorder. The king acts with the greatest mercy towards all implicated, to avoid the great dangers that might ensue from a contrary course. He has also appointed four persons of great standing to use the best means to destroy so abominable a sect; and has given notice to all the other sovereigns of Europe of his discovery, and the abominable maxims of the sect, calling upon them to assist in its suppression, which it will be folly in them to refuse to do. For the order does not count its members by thousands, but by millions, especially among Jews and Protestants.
Their frightful maxims are only known to the members of the fifth, sixth, and seventh lodges, whilst those of the first three know nothing, and those of the fourth act without knowing what they do. They derive their origin from England, and the founder of the sect was that infamous Cromwell, first Bishop, and then lover of Anne Boleyn, and then beheaded for his crimes, called in his day ' the scourge of rulers. ' He left the order an annual income of £10,000 sterling. It is divided into seven lodges : the members of the seventh are called Assessors ; of the sixth, Grand Masters ; of the fifth, Architects ; of the fourth, Executors (here the secret ends); of the third, Ruricori (!) ; of the second and first, Novices and Proselytes. Their infamous idea is based on the allegory of the temple of Solomon, considered in its first splendour, and then overthrown by the tyranny of the Assyrians, and finally restored — thereby to signify the liberty of man after the creation of the world, the tyranny of the priesthood, kings and laws, and the re-establishment of that liberty. "
As for Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, there is no record of his having been an " accepted mason ". He was however on the best of terms with Richard Penkett and is supposed by many to have been secretly affiliated to the Rose Croix but whether an adept or not he served the purpose of the sect, destruction of the Royal and Ecclesiastical Christian Power !
After the death of Charles I, Cromwell appointed an assembly of lawyers and divines to consider the petition of Manasseh ben Israel (1604-1657) demanding the abolition of the legal exclusion of the Jews from England. In December 1655 the legal prohibition was removed. Eleven years after (1666) occurred the great fire of London.
Does the following letter help to solve the mystery of this historical disaster ? It was one of many written by the Secretary-Interpreter of the Marquis de Louvois, an English spy, to his chief in England, published in London in 1697 by D. Jones, Gent.
Of the firing of the City of London, in 1666.
MY LORD,
I am fully satisfied by what I have both seen and heard at Paris and elsewhere, that the Duke of York 12 was in the Year 1666 brought quite over to the French Interest; and I have heard strange Stories related concerning his conduct at the time of that dreadful conflagration of the City, looking upon it Janus-like, with one face seeming concerned for the lamentable disaster, and with the other rejoicing to see that noble pile reduced to ashes, and its citizens ruined ; who had at all times been the greatest advocates for liberty and property, and opposers of that religion which he now not only secretly protest, but was even ready publicly to own, and rewarding those incendiaries at St. James, who then were suspected generally to be Frenchmen, as your Lordship well may remember ; but by our Minutes it does appear they were not such ; but they were persons, at least many of them set on work by French councils, and such as at that time were of all men least suspected ; I mean Jews, of which they had then several in pay, not only in England, but all over Christendom ; not only to give them Intelligence in which they are wondrous active, but likewise to promote and act the worse of mischiefs, as which they make no baulk. By these, fires have been kindled, not only in England, but in Germany, Poland and elsewhere, which the Germans imputed to Turkish Emissaries, though they were Jews hired with French money, the Turkish Policy not being so refined in mischief, these sorts of Jews put on the shape of what Christians they pleased, and of this sort employed by France, there were and are still several in England, the names of one or two of which I think I shall be able to give your Lorship in sometime, though they go by several, as time and occasion doth require, and so at present I remain.
My Lord,
Your Lordship's most Humble Servant, Paris, April 7 1676. N. St.
More shadows of the past! More strange suggestions to shake the foundations of our belief in things as they seem !
The last of the Grand Masters of the Rose Croix was Johann Christian Wolff. 13 Masonry, which as a secret association had maintained its existence for years had uncovered itself and become an avowed organization with the proclamation of the Anderson Constitution. 14 Once in the open it was to be the universal screen behind which all secret societies, whether theurgic or political, would operate clandestinely. Masonry with its proclamation of three philanthropic and altruistic degrees, with no apparent real secret, declaring itself Christian and non-political, would become the centre in which ignorant men, recruited and duped, could act like puppets animated by unseen hands pulling unseen strings.
Thus it came about that all blows dealt to Christianity and States were prepared by the secret Societies-acting behind the veil of Masonry.
CHAPTER XXIII
CATHARES, ALBIGENSES, WALDENSES
Manicheism, with its hierarchy and missionary system, had taken root in Europe and, with its chief seat in Bulgaria, had thus found its way into Northern Italy and the southern part of France.
Unquestionably Manicheans in their beliefs and teachings, the Cathares (purifiers or pure) held the unadulterated tradition of Manes. Their hierarchy was that established by their founder. In the 12th century, their supreme chief was in Bulgaria having under him, bishops, priests, deacons and simple Perfects. These composed the class of Perfects who were distinguished from the second degree of Believers.
As to the Albigenses, their name derived from Albi, a town of Languedoc, covered not one but many sects issued from Manicheism and Arianism, and counted also many Jews or judaised Christians. Under this appellation of Albigenses, historians, whether political or religious, have almost unanimously included the Cathares.
A revolt against the then existing Church power of the 12th century is only too comprehensible, when one recollects the excesses of which popes, bishops and almost all dignitaries of the Church were guilty. The pioneers of the rebellion had been Peter of Bruys (died 1126) and the monk Henri (died 1148).
They had openly attacked the vices of the clergy and fallen victims, the first to his own fanaticism (he was killed by the mob whose anger he had aroused by pulling down a wooden cross to be used as burning wood for the purpose of cooking meat on a Good Friday); the second was imprisoned by a bishop against whose vices he had raised his voice. Both had attacked the beliefs and practices of the Church ; like the Baptists of today they rejected the practice of baptism for children, and denied the dogmas of transubstantiation and redemption through Christ.
They gained many adherents and left numerous disciples whose Manichean opposition to the Church was identical with that of the Cathares. Upon such grounds fell the preaching of Peter Waldo who, although he repudiated the dualist doctrine of the Manicheans, formed a serious opposition to the Church. He created the sect of the Waldenses divided in two degrees, Perfect and Believers. The former made a vow of Poverty and as such took the names of Poor Brethren, the latter formed the Outer or Third Order. From the South of France and Northern Italy, persecution drove the Waldenses to the Central and Northern provinces of France, thence to England, then from Lombardy into Germany and Bohemia. John Wickliffe (1324-1384) in England and John Huss (1369-1415) in Bohemia, were their foremost representatives and in the latter country they formed the Bohemian Brethren who later also took the name of Moravian Brethren or Religious Masons.
CHAPTER XXIV
THE MORAVIANS
OR THE MORAVIAN BROTHERS OF THE ORDER OF RELIGIOUS FREEMASONS, OR ORDER OF THE MUSTARD-SEED, OR THE CHURCH UNITAS FRATRUM, OR THE HERRENHUTER.
Margrave Albert expelled the Jews from the town of Iglau, in Moravia, on the ground that they had been in league with the Taborites, the subversive element among the Hussites. The Taborites were Bohemians.
The Moravian Brothers or Unitas Fratrum, a Gnostic sect, were founded in 1457 at Kunewald, near Seftenberg, by Gregory ; the nephew of the Calixtine leader Roksana. They were an offshoot of the Bohemian Brethren said to represent the religious kernel of the Hussite movement.
At the Synod of Lhota near Reichenau, in 1467, they constituted themselves into a Church separate from the Calixtine or National church of Bohemia.
The constitution of the society was revised at a second Synod held at Lhota under the direction of Luke of Prague, who may be regarded as their second founder. This reorganization enabled the society to grow rapidly. In the early years of the 16th cent, the Unitas included nearly 400 congregations in Bohemia and Moravia, with 150,000 members, and, including Poland, embraced three provinces — Bohemia, Moravia, where the Jews are the best educated of the inhabitants, and in a few small towns form a full half of the population, and Poland. Each province had its own bishops and synods, but all were united in one church and governed by the general synod.
The Lutheran movement in Germany awakened lively interest among the Brethren, and some unsuccessful attempts were made under the leadership of Augusta to unite with the Lutheran Church (1528-1546); but when the Calvinist reformation reached Bohemia, the Brethren found themselves more in sympathy with it than with the Lutheran. The Jesuit anti-reformation, instigated by Rudolf and his brothers Matthias and Ferdinand, found the Brethren a prosperous church, but the pitiless persecution which followed the unsuccessful attempt at revolution crushed the whole Protestantism of Bohemia, and in 1627 the Evangelical churches there had ceased to exist.
About the same time, the Polish branch of the Unity, in which many refugees from Bohemia and Moravia had found a home, was absorbed in the Reformed Church of Poland. A few families, however, especially in Moravia, held religious services in secret, preserved the traditions of their fathers, and, in spite of the vigilance of their enemies, maintained some correspondence with each other. In 1722, some of these left home and property to seek a place where they could worship in freedom. The first company, led by Christian David, a mechanic, settled by invitation from Count Zinzendorf 1 on his estate at Berthelsdorf near Zittau, in Saxony.
They were soon joined by others (about 300 coming within seven years), and built a town which they called Herrenhut. The small community at first adopted the constitution and teaching of the old Unitas. The episcopate had been continued, and in 1735, David Nitschmann was consecrated first bishop of the Renewed Moravian Church. The new settlement was not, however, destined to be simply a revival of the organization of the Bohemian Brethren. Zinzendorf, who had given them an asylum, came with his wife, family, and chaplain to live among the refugees. He was a Lutheran who had accepted Spener's pietism, and he wished to form a society distinct from national churches and devoted to good works. After long negotiations, a union was effected between the Lutheran element and the adherents of the ancient Unitas Fratrum. The emigrants at Herrenhut attended the parish church at Berthelsdorf, and were simply a Christian (Gnostic) society within the Lutheran Church. (Ecclesiola in ecclesia). This peculiarity is still to some extent preserved in the German branch of the church, and the Moravian Brethren's Congregation within the Evangelical Protestant churches, which enables them to do evangelistic work without proselytizing. The society adopted a code of rules in 1727, and ordained twelve elders to carry on pastoral work. This was the revival of the Unitas Fratrum as a church.
Besides congregational work, special home missions were and are carried on in each province. In the German province there is a peculiar home mission called the Diaspora,2 which dates from 1829.3
The Moravians came to England in 1724, brought by Count Zinzendorf The following extract from the work of an Anglican Bishop, written in 1751, shows that they were not particularly appreciated in that country as a force for good ! "
Of what dangerous Consequence the Moravian System is to Government and Civil Society, appears by their progressive Multiplicity of Prevarications, Lies, Frauds, Cheats, and juggling Impostures, (Greatly detrimental to Princes and States, as well as ruinous to private Persons) which have so plainly been proved by Mr. Rimius, and others, particularly in ' the History of the Moravians, very lately published, from the public Acts of Budingen, and other authentic Vouchers. ' Of this Nature are their devouring the whole substance of any wealthy Convert, and declaring that the Society may say to a young rich Brother ' Either give up all that thou hast, or get thee gone. ' — Sending away any of the Society to the remotest Parts of the World, at a Minute's Warning, by the Authority of the Saviour, who will have it done Post-haste : ' Whereby any, though his Majesty's Subjects, whom they suspect, or that dislike their Proceedings, or, for prudential Reasons, must be married up, or may discover any of their Iniquities, are instantly sent into Banishment, and condemned to Transportation ; not for any Crime, but for their Virtue and Duty, Which is more than all the Authority of Great Britain can do, for any Crime, without an open and legal Trial, Making Marriages void, though before contracted, unless the carnal Cohabitation has been performed in the Presence of the Elders. — Seducing Men's Wives and Daughters, and then keeping them by Force, or sending them out of the Way ; and allowing no Power of Earth to reclaim them, though the Parents beg it on their Knees :
Taking away the natural Authority of the Parents, and making their Children disobey and renounce them, under Pretence of obeying the Saviour, the Father that created them : ' thereby making the Fifth Commandment of no Effect. — Sometimes bribing, and sometimes threatening States, as Occasion serves, and denouncing Argumenta Regum, if they are opposed ; and telling Princes, that such or such a Place in their Dominions, was founded by the Saviour for his Theocracy ; which he won't fail to maintain. ' — These Things have been proved upon the Moravians, both as to Doctrine and Practice, by divers Instances. And that in Fact they claim an Independency on Government appears from the ' Letter to the Regency of Budingen, from the Count (Zinzendorf) and his Brethren, wherein it is said, in plain Terms, ' That all the Sovereigns on Earth must consent to the Theocracy in the Moravian Brotherhood, or have no Brethren in their Dominions. ' I need not add, that Theocracy signifies an immediate Government by God, which of Course exclude all Civil Authority. "
The Moravian dogma was Spiritism which generally means Black Magic.
As for their moral code, it can be summarized in the few following words of Count Zinzendorf in a dialogue with Mr. Wesley. " We reject all Self Denial, we trample it under Foot. We Believers do what we please, and no more. "
Claiming to be free from all law by their Marriage with Christ, they refuse to be bound by any law at all : either of the Old Testament or the New.
To bring all Sects under his sway, Roman Catholics, Socinians, Fanaticks, Chiliasts, Anabaptists etc., Count Zinzendorf made a new translation of the New Testament... "This was the practice of almost all the Gnostic Heretics, in order to deceive, and draw disciples. Nor did they make any Scruple of Omissions, Expungings, or any Corruptions that might serve their Purpose...
" Missionaries were sent abroad, everything being done by the Saviour's Injunction...
" Heaven, for them, is to consist in their being metamorphosed into Female Angels, for a carnal Enjoyment of Christ in his human Nature, in the eternal Bedchamber...
" Where in the Scriptures do you find panegyrical Hymns in Honour of your Phallus ? " 4 asks Lavington.
For what follows we refer the reader to page 140 of the Bishop's book.
Count Zinzendorf is said to have been the head of the Rose Croix from 1744 to 1749. He was on intimate terms with John Wesley, the founder of Methodism.
Of all its names, that of " The Order of Religious Freemasons " is the most significant today. It should also be remembered that the head of this order was also the head of the " Esoteric Rosicrucians " of the time !
CHAPTER XXV
THE ANABAPTISTS
(Founded 1521)
The Anabaptists were founded in 1521 by Nicolas Storch, Mark Stubner and Thomas Muncer.
Their Heresies were founded on the following Lutheran maxim interpreted subversively : A Christian man is master of everything and is subject to no one. They further claimed that infant baptism is null, therefore adults only can be baptized.
" If the Anabaptists ", writes Hoeninghaus, a German Protestant writer, in La Reforme contre la Reforme, were not all equally intolerant, they were nevertheless all equally detested, hated, and persecuted by the Protestants much more than by the Catholics. "
Queen Elizabeth ordered them to be excluded from England.
Madden, in Phantasmata, describes their religion in the following terms : "
We find among them claims to intercourse with God and angels — to the gift of prophecy — to the power of driving out evil spirits — to the right of persecuting opponents — to visions, ecstasies, trances, convulsive seizures attributed to supernatural influences — and all these evidences of epidemic religious mania in countries which were Protestant. " 1
At certain periods in its history, this sect wielded great power and Madden further writes that in Westphalia " for a length of time, the entire senate was composed of theomaniacs. As the republic was composed alone of fools and madmen, it is incredible to what a length they carried their excesses in Munster : each magistrate proposed for the rule of government the wild chimeras of his own imagination, disguised under the imposing name of revelation. It was a sad spectacle to hear the deliberations of a senate composed altogether of fanatics : some being inspired in a perfectly contrary way to that suggested to others : nevertheless, each one adhering to the dictates of his inspiration, because he believed that a special revelation had been made to him. When such things, says Calmeil, take place in a country, where pseudo-prophets are tolerated who disseminate terror, and run about the streets without any clothing, when the multitude set these things down as super-human phenomena ; when the inspired of both sexes walk about thus in public places in the midst of their disciples and apostles, the will of the Supreme Being is supposed to serve as a rule and direction to all the extravagances that mortals fall into, and it is difficult to say where will end the excesses of this religious delirium... The Anabaptists, when they fell into the hands of their enemies, allowed their fingers, tongue, nose and ears, to be cut off, nay, even suffered themselves to be drowned by hundreds in torrents, rather than desist or depart for a moment from the orders they imagined came from God. " 2
In 1525, Luther headed an alliance of the Princes and governments to repress these excesses, and they were defeated at the Battle of Frankenhausen in that year, their leader Thomas Muncer being seized and beheaded.
In 1536, John of Leyden proclaimed himself King of the New Jerusalem but his glory was of short duration. He was taken by " the ungodly " and put to death.
The principal leaders of the sect were John Mathias, John Bockhold, David George, William Hacket, Kotte-rus, Kuhlmann and Dabricius.
" The principal offshoots of the Anabaptist fanaticism in Germany, Holland, and Switzerland, were the Adamites, the Apostolics, the Taciturn, the Perfect, the Impeccable, the Liberated Brethren, the Sabbatarians, the Clancularians, the Manifestarians, the Bewailers, the Rejoicers, the Indifferent, the Sanguinarians, the Antimariens. " 3
CHAPTER XXVI
GRAND LODGE OF ENGLAND
(Founded 1717)
John Valentin Andrea, the Rosicrucian, having elaborated a plan to merge all the existing religious Societies into one organization, published in 1614 a book Universal and General Reformation of the Whole Wide World, in which he advocated the foundation of a secret society of all classes, pledged to work quietly for the benefit of their fellows.
To this period also belongs the legend of Christian Rosenkreutz (see page 151).
Andrea, however, failed in his endeavours but Jan Amos Komensky (Comenius) joined actively in his efforts and, as early as 1628, begged leave to share in this work of which he presently was given sole charge.
About this time, Comenius wrote his renowned work on All-wisdom, the Pansophia, which embodied his ideas on the foundation of humanity's Utopia.
This Moravian school-master, Comenius, while doubtless an idealist, was also interested in spiritism, prophecies, revolution, Antichrist, the Millenium and such like whims of a dangerous fanaticism. He collected the visions of the Anabaptists, Kotterus and those of Dab-ricius and published them at Amsterdam. Those visions promised such wonders as the extermination of the Pope, the House of Austria, Gustavus Adolphus, Gus-tavus, King of Sweden, Cromwell and others and were of a most disturbing character. 1
When Anderson undertook the task of uniting the old traditions of practical Masonry with the more recent development and broadened ideas of the new world-league, he incorporated in his book of constitution a reproduction of the main part of the plans and ideas of Comenius. Their true meaning was faithfully adhered to, and important and decisive passages were adopted almost literally.
The transformation of the Lodge was actually carried out in 1663 when, in the General Assembly of Masons, the masters of operative masonry, feeling themselves supplanted and overruled, realized that if they did not wish to forsake their Lodge they must unite with its new masters and subordinate themselves to their designs — Henry Jermyn, Lord St. Albans, was elected and installed Grand Master, Sir John Denham became his deputy and Sir Christopher Wren and John Webb, wardens.
The English Grand Lodge, as we know it, was founded on June 24, 1717, by Anderson, Desaguliers (an expatriated Frenchman said to have been the head of the Rose Croix), Calvert, James King, Elliot, Lumden Madden and George Payne.2 It works only the first three degrees, Apprentice, Fellow-Craft and Master Mason (Blue Masonry) and constitutes the nursery for the selection of initiates for the higher or so called " spurious " masonry. Masons desirous of rising in the ranks of the Fraternity are therefore obliged to enter Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rites, (in England Ancient and Accepted Rites) Grand Orient, Memphis and Mizraim, Swedenborg or some other International order which works the higher grades and selects its members from graduates of the original English system.
English masonry claims to be a purely charitable institution.
It is Blue Masonry which answers to the lesser mysteries of the ancients wherein, in reality, nothing but the exoteric doctrines were revealed, whilst spurious masonry, or all subsequent degrees (for no one can be initiated into them who has not passed through the first three degrees) answer to the greater Mysteries. 3 " According to Anderson's own showing", stater, Freemasonry Universal, " previous to the formation of Grand Lodge in 1717 the ceremonies of the Freemasons were purely Christian, but soon after that important change it was decided to widen the basis of the Craft so that men of all religious persuasions could enter her portals and benefit by her teaching. " 4
On page 303 of The Rosicrucian and Masonic Record can be found the " Articles of Union ", dated 1813, of the two Fraternities of Free and Accepted Masons of England ; the " Society of Free and Accepted Masons " and " The Grand Lodge of the Society of Freemasons ". At the same time, Grand Lodge agreed to recognize a fourth degree, that of Holy Royal Arch.
In these articles it is specified that the representation of a Lodge in Grand Lodge shall be by its actual Master, Wardens and one Past master only. Prior to the revival in 1717, and the reconstruction of Masonry in its present symbolic form we find in another article in The Rosicrucian and Masonic Record (page 167) that :
" Very little is known of the proceedings of Masonic bodies, from the fact that very few written documents were permitted to be recorded, and of these few, owing to the jealousy or over-caution of their rulers, many were burnt in London in 1721. "
We can accept the causes given above for the destruction of these documents with a smile!
On initiation, Masons receive an alias by which name they are henceforth known in the Lodge.
All Masonry is founded on the usual system of sectarian help. " Help a Mason " supplants the Christian teaching of " Help everyone ".
Until the last few years this rule had not assumed a subversive character. Lately however, it is said that " to get anywhere in business in the City (London) one must be a Mason ". This has stimulated Masonic recruiting, implying as it does a virtual business boycott against non-masons. Each new recruit weakens the forces of those whose free, unhampered judgment could serve the cause of real liberty, democracy, and humanity.
Masonry, English and Continental, has been very useful to persons with political ambitions and minor mental and moral capacities.
In Maconnerie Pratique, Corns d'Enseignement Supe-rieur de la Franc-Magonnerie, Rite Ecossais Ancien et Accepte, published 1885, in Paris, page 206, and attributed to Paul Rosen,5 we are given the following as the esoteric explanation of the Ritual of Master Mason, Third Degree. It is an interesting fact that very few of the editions of certain works quoted herein are accessible to the profane public in museums and libraries.
" The Temple, being emblematic of the human body, the Master's Lodge is known as the Middle Chamber within which the most intimate mysteries of Freemasonry are celebrated. It represents the Uterus wherein is accomplished the reproduction of all beings 6 .
" The two parts, separated longitudinally by a dark curtain, represent, — one side, the West, dark, and lighted only by a single light, the abode of death, of the sterile seed, is the ovary. That of the Eastern side, brilliantly illuminated, is the seed fertilized by the fulfilment of the act of generation and absorbed by the Uterus 7 .
" The Master holds the mallet, the two Wardens each holding a roll of cardboard nine inches in circumference by 18 inches long. These rolls represent the membrum virile 8 .
" In the middle of the Lodge is a mattress, coffin or ditch, which symbolises the bed, the Pastos of the Ancients, upon which are performed the mysteries of human generation 9 . " This mattress, coffin or ditch, also represents the Arch of Noah, and the ancient Arch of the Old Testament, these two Arches being again the symbols of the place where the generation of beings is accomplished.10
" The acacia, the initiatic emblem of the Gauls and Scandinavians, and the fig tree, the initiatic emblem of the Syrians and the Orientals, signify that all the mysteries are derived from one source and rest on one base, that of India.
" The Phallus is used by the Freemasons in the degree of Master where it is designated by the word Mahabone. "
This fecundation is supposed to take place as follows :
" In the early period of initiation the seed of the unfertilized grain is dead. The Candidate, bearing within him this inert seed, is a male as he only wears upon his breast the Compass emblem of the membrum virile. He is stretched upon a mattress, or in a coffin or ditch, emblematic of the bed of the Pastos or the mysteries of generation.11
" Neither the second, nor the first warden can endow him with life. Alone, the Worshipful Master, wearing upon his chest the Square, symbol of the genitalia mulieris representing the female, (the Lodge) can fertilize this seed by leaning over the Candidate, who, representing the male, unites with him by the five points of perfection 12.
" The seed is fertilized by the Union of the male and the female, and the Lodge becomes pregnant of the Candidate, which she brings into the world nine months later, as Perfect Master, fourth degree, it being established that nine full months must have passed since the aspirant had received the degree of Master Mason. " 13
In summing up : — The basis on which are founded the first three degrees of practical masonry are : — " That the Apprentice, Bohaz, the personification of Osiris or of Bacchus, coming to search for Truth in the Lodge, finds that he is a Male-God and incomplete for the generation of beings. 14
" That the Companion Jackin, personification of Isis or Venus, the Female-God, completes the Male-God by rendering possible the generation of beings. 15
" That the Master Mahabone or MacBenac is the Hermaphrodite, complete son of Loth and his daughter, son of the sun and the earth. "
And that because :
1. All originates by Generation, and not by Creation, which is only the simple induction of Generation.
2. Corruption or destruction follows generation in all its works.
3. Regeneration restores, under other forms, the effects of destruction. "
The formula of the three first degrees of Freemasonry is therefore :
" The Incomplete man, the Profane, by initiation in Freemasonry, becomes Bohaz and is completed by Jackin in the Lodge which restores his corrupted divinity in Mahabone ".
The special masonic significance of the Flamboyant Star, or Seal of Solomon, in Masonry is essentially the creative element.
Man reclining presents a protuberance in the middle.
Woman reclining, on the contrary, presents a cavity in the middle.
The two enlaced form the Flamboyant Star.
Small wonder that Mackey states that " no eunuch can be initiated a mason ! " 16
Unfortunately, many corrupt and vicious persons seek Masonic protection and it is to the interest of all such aspirants to power thus to encourage vice and corruption through blackmail, using their votaries in the sect to further their own private ends. This is the fundamental danger inherent in all secret societies, whatever their reputation, where Power is the object. "
A Mason is said to demit from the order when he withdraws from all connection with it. It relieves the individual from pecuniary contributions and debars him from pecuniary relief, but it does not cancel his Masonic obligations, nor exempt him from that wholesome control which the order exercises over the moral conduct of its members. In this respect the Mason is once a Mason and always a Mason. " 17
' The fact that a Mason not a member of any particular lodge, but who has been guilty of immoral or unmasonic conduct, can be tried and punished by any lodge, within whose jurisdiction he may be residing, is not to be doubted. " 18
Quoting Brother Moore (from Moore's Magazine, vol. 1, p. 36). " Again every Mason is bound to obey the summons of a Lodge of Master Masons whether he be a member or otherwise. This obligation on the part of an individual clearly implies a power in the lodge to investigate and control his conduct in all things which concern the interest of the Institution.
" The clipping from the Daily Telegraph of Oct. 15th, 1930, which we reproduce herewith, shows the organization of a Masonic bureaucracy within our midst, an Imperium in Imperio of political office holders and magistrates, pledged first to Freemasonry, then possibly to the people.
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The Gospel of Revolution...
footnotes
chapter 19
1. Von Hammer, History of the Assassins.
2. Heckethorn, Secret Societies of all Ages and Countries, p. 168 et seq.
chapter 20
1. Blanchard, Knight Templarism Illustrated.
2. Morris' Die, Art. Templar Knight.
chapter 21
1. Mackey's Lexicon, Art. Knights of Malta.
chapter 22
1. Followers of Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim (1493-1541)
2. Whereas the article mentions only two kinds of demons the Rose Croix are credited with recognizing four different species accredited to each of the four elements : Earth spirits 77 Gnomes, Fire spirits — Salamanders, Water spirits — Undines, Air spirits — Sylphs.
3. Charlotte Fell Smith, John Dee.
4.Fire, alias Kundalini, alias sex-force.
5. Hastings, Encyclopaedia of Religions and Ethics. Art. Hussites.
6 Wittemans, Histoire des Rose Croix, p. 71.
7. Charlotte Fell Smith, op. cit., p. 182.
8. This is still customary. Many of the English Guilds of today such as the Goldsmiths have honorary members who, for attending their dinners receive a box of chocolates and £3 in cash.
9. A. E. "Waite, The Works of Thomas Vaughan, Biographical Preface, p. xii.
10. Henry Blount, 1602-1680, Father of Charles Blount, the Rosicrucian.
11. Heckethorn, Secret Societies of All Ages & Countries, vol. I, p. 342.
12. Afterwards James II.
13. According to Sedir (see Histoire des Rose-Croix, p. 112) the last master of Rose Croix died in 1750. His name was Brun.
14. Grand Lodge of England.
chapter 24
1. Said to have been head of the Rose Croix, succeeding Theophilus Desaguliers ; he was Spener's godchild.
2. Diaspora = The Jews of the Dispersion.
3. For the foregoing refer Eric. Brit, Art. " Moravian Brethren ", 9th Edition, p. 812.
4. Bishop Lavington, The Moravians Compared and Detected, p. 157.
chapter 25
1. Madden, Phantasmata, vol. II, p. 457.
2. Ibid., vol. II, p. 450.
3. Madden, op. cit., vol. II, p. 456.
chapter 26
1. Bayles Dictionary, vol. 2, Art. " Comenius ", p. 1011, year
2. Said to have all been members of the English Rose Croix.
3. Heckethorn, op. cit., p. 266, vol. I.
4. Freemasonry Universal, The Official organ of the British Federation of the Co-Masonic Order, vol. 2, part 2, Autumnal Equinox, 1926, p. 79.
5 Paul Rosen, Satan et C\ published 1888.
Notes 6 to 18 are the authorities quoted by P. Rosen :
6. J. M. Ragon, Orthodoxie Magonnique, p. 368, Paris.
7. Henri Cauchois, Grand orateur du Grand Orient de France, Cours oral de Franc-Magonnerie symbolique, p. 140. Paris, 1863.
8. Clavel, Histoire pittoresque de la Franc-Magonnerie, p. 43. Paris, 1844.
9. Mackey, Lexicon of Freemasonry, pp. 59 and 241. London,
10. George Oliver, Grand Commander of the Supreme Council of England, The Book of the Lodge, p. 45. London, 1867.
11.Mackey, op cit., p. 241. London, 1873.
12. Richard Carlile, The Mysteries of Freemasonry, p. 64. London.
13. Comte de Grasse-Tilly, Tableau des grades ecossais suivant I'ordre general decrete par le Supreme Conseil du 33e degre, date du 22 decembre 1804.
14. George Olivier, History of Initiation, p. 128. London, 1841.
15. Albert Thomas, George Pearson, Grand Master of the Templars of the United States, The Tradition of Freemasonry, New York, 1850.
16. Moise Reghellini de Scio, LaMagonnerie consideree comme le resultat des Religions Egyptienne, Juive et chretienne. Paris, 1833, n° 1, p. 364.
17. John Yarker, Grand Master of Ancient and Primitive Rite, Speculative Freemasonry, p. 27. London, 1872.
18. Clavel, Histoire Pittoresque de la Franc-Maqonnerie, p. 49. Paris.
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