Saturday, February 11, 2023

Part 6: Dead Men's Secrets Tantalising Hints of a Lost Super Race... Forbidden Tunnels ... Mystery of the Screaming Robot...The Photo Spies ++

Dead Men's Secrets 
Tantalising Hints of a Lost Super Race 
By Jonathan Gray
Chapter 19 
Engineering—FORBIDDEN TUNNELS 
Have you ever done something you shouldn’t, simply because you knew it was forbidden? And for the excitement of not getting caught? 

Passing a mental marker that says Danger: Do Not Enter and returning to tell the tale is thrilling. 

Not all such excursions are without a price, however. 

I’m going to acquaint you, soon, with some mysterious smooth-walled subway systems under Peru. Violate these forbidden passages and stone doors will spring shut behind you. Other ingenious traps will ensure that you never see daylight again. 

Theodore Roosevelt, later to become U.S. president, picked up accounts of these sophisticated prehistoric tunnels during his expedition in 1914. 

Whatever you call this chapter, it will assuredly prove to be an amazing journey. The ancient roads and canals, though impressive, may elicit a yawn. But I dare you to ponder the incredible tunnel systems and not become spellbound. 

Let’s get on with our journey. 

ROADS 
COLOMBIA, 
to ECUADOR, 
to PERU, 
to CHILE, 
BOLIVIA and 
ARGENTINA 
1 (S): The pre-Inca highway system was the most daring in the world. Linked to a vast network of secondary roads, it reached the Amazon basin, straddled lofty mountain peaks and connected with the coast. Its almost indestructible highways were paved with granite slabs between two stone retaining walls. 
Straight: Instead of going around impossible barriers, it plunged through them in a direct line, crossing canyons and piercing mountains with tunnels that are still in use today. 
Signal stations: were perched atop stupendous precipices or mountain summits with sheer 3,000-foot drops. 
Raised over swamps: At the standard 24-foot width, one of the causeways rises 8 feet above the marshy countryside for 8 miles. 
Superior was this network to the Roman roads, to the Egyptian pyramids and every other construction. 
• These roads and bridges were built so well that vehicles use them today. 
• Constantly cleaned, they were ‘tidy, without a single pebble or weed or wisp of straw.” 
Total length: 19,800 miles. 

Such construction could barely be accomplished by our most modern electro-turbo drills and our most rugged construction machines. 

Other features of ancient highway sophistication follow. 

MARCAHUASI, PERU 
2 (S): Well-protected covered roads, at 12,000-foot altitude. 

CRETECUICUILO, MEXICO
SANTA CRUZ, BOLIVIA 
3 (S): Concrete roadways. 

MEXICO 
4 (S): A 60-mile highway from Coba to Yaxuna, paved with cement and guarded by parapets, running across difficult and marshy country; and city avenues paved with stone or white cement. 

GREECE 
5 (W): Alexander the Great had plans, cut short by his untimely death, for a highway from Europe to India, bitumen-sealed all the way. 

MALDEN, in the LINE ISLANDS (PACIFIC) 
6 (S): Basalt-paved highways connected an inland city to the coastline. 

ENGLAND, 2000 B.C. 
7 (S): Wide highways: The Icknield Way (200 miles long) runs deadstraight on level ground and widens out in some places to the equivalent of a modern four-lane highway. 

With a highly developed technology, the ancient races built large cities, gigantic fortresses and a network of excellent roads, which (in the case of the Incas) were used only by pack animals and messengers on foot. (Doesn’t that seem odd? It was as if our modern highways were used only by pedestrians and horses.) 

Why, then, were they built? The reason may be that they existed before the Incas and that their builders intended them for large vehicles. (If those vehicles moved just above the ground, it would explain the small amount of wear shown.) 

CANALS, AQUEDUCTS 
ARIZONA, U.S.A. 
8 (S): North Canal (9 miles) and South Canal (7 miles), at Hohokam, Pueblo Grande, were comparable to some modern canals. 

FLORIDA, U.S.A. 
9 (S): One canal 55 feet wide intersects sand ridges to a depth of 40 feet. 

NORTH COAST, PERU 
10 (S): A 70-mile canal was so efficiently built that it is still in use today. 

YUCATAN, MEXICO 
11 (S): A network of 30 canals (some up to 160 feet wide) and 25 man made, large-scale reservoirs, reveal an advanced knowledge of hydraulic engineering. 

GUATEMALA, 250 B.C. 
12 (S): Recent radar photography of rain forest led to the astonishing discovery of a sophisticated latticework comprising at least 11,185 square miles of irrigation canals, which could have supported millions of people. 

CARTHAGE, TUNISIA 
13 (S): An aqueduct 87.6 miles long had a capacity of 7,000,000 gallons a day. 

FRANCE 
14 (S): The Pont du Gard aqueduct, near Nimes, was 160 feet high. 

PERSIA, 1000 B.C. 
15 (S): 170,000 miles of underground aqueducts were once constructed to bring mountain water to arid plains. Still extant and functional, this ancient system of irrigation provides 75 percent of the water used in Iran today. 

ANDES RANGE, PERU 
16 (S): Pre-Incan irrigation works, transforming lofty barren slopes into fertile terraces, could hardly be carried out even with modern turbo drills. 

PLATEAU OF MARCAHUASI, PERU 
17 (S): An irrigation system incorporated twelve artificial lakes and channels to carry water 4,500 feet lower to a large population. 

MOROCCO 
18 (S): A network of miles of subterranean passages up to 250 feet below the surface was designed to collect water from the subsoil reservoirs under the desert. Ventilated at 100-yard intervals by shafts, this is a titanic work. Even today, with all our equipment, the creation of such a tunnel system under a desert would present greater problems than building it under one of our big cities 

EGYPT 
19 (W): A major surprise is that mighty Suez Canal. Contrary to common belief, its first construction was not in 1869! In the days of the early pharaohs, ocean vessels were using the Suez Canal to reach the Indian Ocean, southeastern Asia and Australia. Choked with desert sand, it was rebuilt by the Persians and again dredged by the Arabs. It became blocked once more—and communication between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea ceased until last century. 

ANCIENT MINING TUNNELS 
UTAH, U.S.A. 
20 (S): Remains of coal mining drives are 8,500 feet deep. 

DOMINICA 
21 (S): A gold mine 16,000 feet deep has pits extending about 6 miles. (This region is far less known today than in the fifteenth century, when it was described by Bartholomew Columbus.) 

Now here it comes…the shocker. 

VAST ARTIFICIAL TUNNELS EXTENDING FOR THOUSANDS OF MILES 
You heard it right—a network of intercontinental subways beneath land and sea! 

This is the most astonishing and most suppressed archaeological secret: the existence of inexplicable tunnel systems beneath the surface of a great part of the earth. These are part natural and part artificial. 

Stories of mysterious subway systems exist in the legends, folklore and myths of almost every country. Reports have persisted for thousands of years. 

AFRICA 
MOROCCO to SPAIN 
22 (S): A huge tunnel (30 miles of which has been explored) runs under the sea between Spain and Morocco. 

GENERAL 
23 (S): There are descriptions by African travellers of vast tunnels all over the continent; such as one bored under the river Kaoma (south of Lake Tanganyika) so lengthy that it took a caravan from sunrise until noon to pass through.1 

NORTH AFRICA 
24 (S): Livingstone wrote: “Tribes live in underground houses in Rua. Some excavations are said to be 30 miles long.”2 

NIGERIA 
25 (0): In the district of Wama, ancient underground tunnels were once used as hiding places by the natives. An old legend mentions a tunnel which stretches hundreds of miles to the Atlantic, near Guinea. 

EGYPT 
26 (W): A tunnel with a concealed entranceway below one of the Giza pyramids runs “clear to Tibet,” according to an old account. Another tunnel at the base of the pyramids is claimed to go southward for 600 miles. 

EUROPE 
IRELAND 
27 (S): Ireland is notoriously riddled with subterranean halls and galleries, whose entrances are to be found within the circular earthworks that surround almost every hilltop. 

GREAT BRITAIN 
28 (S): A honeycomb of burrowings underlies Chislehurst and Blackheath in Kent. So far 30 miles of tunnel have been located. The system contains geometric-shaped galleries and altar tables. 

GREAT BRITAIN 
29 (S): There are also extensive tunnels in Yorkshire (though stories of such systems are heard throughout Britain). 

FRANCE 
30 (S): When a church at Gapennes in Picardy collapsed in 1834, it was found to have been built over a vast network of subterranean passages. This led to an exploration. Enormous tunnels, approximately 100, were found to exist throughout the province.3 

GERMANY 
31(S): There is definite evidence of long subterranean tunnels running beneath Adersbach and Wickelsdorf. During the Thirty Years War, also during the Seven Years War and again in 1866, the local inhabitants took refuge in these labyrinths. A local tradition calls one of the tunnels “Southern Siberia” because a man “might walk along it until he reached that snowbound region.”4 

SOUTH AMERICA 
PERU 
32 (S): High in the Andes Mountains, tunnels linking Machu Picchu with other locations burrow for several miles, their walls lined with finely carved stone. One runs under the bed of the Urubamba River. 

ECUADOR 
PERU 
33 (S): A gigantic system of interlocking tunnels thousands of miles in length extends under Ecuador and Peru. It also connects Lima to Cuzco, and goes on to Bolivia, or the sea. 

Many hundreds of miles have been explored and measured. Ingeniously constructed entrances are masked beyond discovery; there are elaborate devices to trap robbers and hidden doors of carved stones with no sign of a crack or joint. The tunnels are so imposing that some conjecture them to be the work of an unknown race of giants. The Incas, at the time of the Spanish threat, deposited much of their treasure in these caves and sealed some of the entrances.5  

BOLIVIA 
34 (S): In the ruins of Tiahuanaco, the nineteenth century naturalist Charles d’Orbigny saw the entrances of galleries leading to a secret underground city. 

ECUADOR 
COLOMBIA 
35 (0): The natives speak of tunnels with cut-stone walls as smooth as glass in the mountains. (Some 70,000 artifacts now in a private Ecuador museum were brought by natives from tunnels near Tayos at the confluence of the Santiago and Morona Rivers.) 

In August 1976, Scotsman Stanley Hall led a seventy-strong team to investigate another section of the Ecuadorian tunnel system. The expedition was supported by the Universities of Edinburgh and Quito, with assistance from the British and Ecuadorian armies, and accompanied by no less a celebrity than the astronaut Neil Armstrong. 

The party fought its way up the raging torrent of the Rio Santiago to arrive at the shaft where, 700 feet below, the entrance to the tunnels lay. 

They found the surrounding area dotted with stone pillars, some 20 feet in height and carved with strange hieroglyphics. 

The members of the expedition spent two months in the tunnel system, examined over 12 miles of tunnel and took many photographs. They also found evidence of past human presence, but no treasure! 

PERU 
36 (S): In 1923, scientists from the Lima University, accompanied by experienced speleologists, entered tunnels at Cuzco that advanced toward the coast. 

After 12 days, when one solitary member of the expedition staggered out, almost starved, to tell of a confusing underground labyrinth, his colleagues declared him mad. The police dynamited the entrance, to prevent further entry and loss of life. 

PERU 
37 (S): In 1971, an expedition on Huascaran, the “Mountain of the Incas,” removed heavy slabs of rock and descended 200 feet deep until blocked by six water-tight doors, which, when pushed, pivoted on stone balls. 

Beyond was a tunnel lined with incredibly smooth stone, pitted and grooved. They followed it for 65 miles, until the sound of surf was heard and 80 feet below the Pacific Ocean, the tunnel was flooded. 

PERU 
38 (S): After the 1972 Lima earthquake, salvage technicians found large parts of the city to be crossed by unknown tunnels, all leading into the mountains. Their entrances were untraceable due to collapse over the centuries. 

AMAZON JUNGLE 
39 (W): An explorer reported finding his way into an underground labyrinth which was illuminated “as though by an emerald sun.” Before retreating (when startled by a large spider), he saw “shadows like men” moving at the end of the passage. 

BRAZIL 
40 (0): Natives speak of the entrances to a vast network of underground tunnels in the forbidding, unexplored Roncador Mountain Range in the northeastern Matto Grosso. They exist at three different levels and are fanatically guarded by Indians. 

BRAZIL 
41 (0): Runaway slaves used to enter a tunnel at Ponte Grosse, Parana, and travel all the way to the Matto Grosso underground. When slavery was abolished, they returned by the same route. 

BRAZIL 
42 (W): The Brazilian radio and press reported the discovery of a subterranean city by a group of scientists. They entered a tunnel which opened on top of a mountain near the Parana and Santa Catarina boundary. Instead of studying it, they fled. (What did they see?) 

BRAZIL 
43 (0): Two ranchers in the same district told Dr. Raymond Bernard, the American philosopher and archaeologist, that they entered a tunnel and travelled 3 days, finally descending and coming to an illuminated city, in which they saw men, women and children. 

BRAZIL 
44 (0): Theosophists of Sao Lourence recount that one of their number found a tunnel entrance and travelled all the way from Peru to Brazil in a subterranean passage. 

BRAZIL 
45 (0): Numerous other supposedly true accounts of journeys through underground tunnels have been related from time to time. The tunnels are described as smooth-cut, and illuminated, with radiating side tunnels to ancient subterranean cities. While these are unsubstantiated reports, in the main, they agree in essential details. 

In March 1972, independent support to these accounts surfaced quite unexpectedly from the chief of a remote tribe. This “savage” (though to his own people a “prince”) emerged from the forest to seek out Brazilian officials and plead against the genocide of his race. It was in Manaus that he met German author Karl Brugger, an authority on South American Indians, a man who ultimately gained his trust and recorded several interviews with him. 

BRAZIL 
46 (W): Deep in the jungles of northwest Brazil, the mysterious Ugha Mongulala nation are governed by their chief, Tatunca. This man reported to Brugger that in a valley high in the eastern Andes there sits a white stone city, the ancient capital of a once vast jungle empire, from which subterranean passages radiate. 

One runs from the Great Temple of the Sun in Akakor, all the way under the enormous Andes range, to finish at the city of Lima, Peru. 

Sunk into its light-colored walls at regular intervals are black “hour stones” to mark the distance. About 1920, eighty Ugha Mongulala warriors tramped for 3 months through this tunnel to emerge with bows and arrows in the very heart of Lima, in a futile attempt to rescue fifteen kinsmen. Not one returned. 

Another tunnel thrusts 1,000 miles northward under the bed of the “Great River” (the Amazon) to the ruined native city of Akahim on the eastern slopes of the Pico da Neblina, near the Venezuelan border, where, according to Tatunca, a light-skinned tribe is governed by women. (Indeed, white women warriors have been encountered in that very region by explorers and surveyors over the centuries, and as recently as 1973.) 

More startling was information on the existence of thirteen ancient underground cities in the Amazon headwaters. 

With one exception, these were artificially illuminated. The surface entrances are carefully camouflaged. 

Tunnels to these cities radiate from below the temple in Akakor. The cities are many days apart. The sloping walled, flat roofed passages are wide enough for five men. Each city is crossed by canals carrying mountain water, with small tributaries supplying individual buildings and houses. 

The secret of the amazing ventilation system is unknown to the natives. Tatunca stated that three of these cities were currently inhabited by his tribe and their allies who had retreated underground to escape extinction. 

It is all too real, this extermination of the Amazon tribes. It is deliberate and systematic. 

One’s heart aches to see their grief, their distress, their tears, Can you imagine mothers, fathers and little children crying out, Why do the white invaders want to wipe us off the face of the earth? That is exactly what is happening. 

Initially these uncomplicated but intelligent people greeted Westerners with friendliness, gentleness and smiles. Yet the white invaders were treacherous and cunning. They saw and wanted everything for themselves, for themselves alone. A tree, a piece of fruit, some water, a small heap of earth. Their hearts were cold, unmoved, even when they performed the most terrible acts, to obtain such things. 

Like ants, they advanced further up the rivers, insatiable in their hatred, greed and hostility. 

In recent decades, cruel men in enormous numbers lusting for wealth and supported by strong, highly superior arms, have advanced ever further: poisoning whole tribes by smallpox carried in pieces of candy; dynamiting jungle natives from the air, then mowing down the survivors with machine guns; and mixing the food of the Indians with arsenic and typhus virus.6 

After five centuries, from a former forest population of 8 million, only a few thousand are left. 

As the European penetrates ever deeper into their territory and they are forced to withdraw from their last fertile lands, many Indians have been reduced to feeding on caterpillars, tree bark and the lichen growing on rocks. 

Frightened and confused by this incomprehensible event, tribes have grown increasingly hostile. Thus we hear of savages manned with blowpipes, poison darts and spears, who kill on sight every intruder. 

Their hearts are heavy. Angrily they retreat further and further into the jungle; and they know that time will soon run out. 

It was in 1968 that the Ugha Mongulala (a proud people with high ethical standards and a unique written history) made an historic decision. 

To prevent the discovery of their ancestral white stone city of Akakor by airplanes, the chief’s high council gave orders to camouflage all temples, palaces and houses. This once mighty people had lapsed into a state of dismay and despair. 

Rather than fight, they now withdrew within shrunken borders. Only small scouting bands were left behind in the abandoned regions to observe the movements of the hostile whites and to forewarn Akakor of an attack. 

The situation became still more critical. 

By 1971, his surviving subjects dejected and discouraged, the prince advised a slow withdrawal into the underground dwellings. The people gave up their houses and destroyed the buildings of their last remaining settlements, so that white hunters and prospectors would find nothing but abandoned ruins, overgrown by the forests. 

They left no sign, no trace that might have pointed the way to Akakor. 

Tatunca stated that thirty thousand natives had entered the underground cities. A few remain aboveground to cultivate fields and report on the advance of the enemy. Forbidden to fight when outsiders appear, they must retreat to protect the secret of their former capital city. 

One feels outraged that the White Barbarians are above all laws. As the Ugha Mongulala mourn: they “did not come with good intentions, to assume power with kindness and wisdom. Instead…they brought tears, bloodshed…”7 

Could it be more than coincidence that their inscribed prophecies sound almost biblical?8 Soon, they predict, a great catastrophe will begin on the other side of the eastern (Atlantic) ocean. 

“A war will break out…that will slowly spread over the whole earth. The White Barbarians will destroy each other with weapons that are brighter than a thousand suns. Only a few will survive…The mountains and valleys will tremble. Blood will rain from the sky, and man’s flesh will shrink and become soft…Their bodies will disintegrate. In this way the White Barbarians will reap the harvest of their deeds…Then the Gods will return, full of grief for the people who forgot their bequest. And a new world will arise where men, animals, and plants will live together in sacred union. Then the Golden Age will return.”9 So says The Chronicle of Akakor. 

But for now our journey must resume. 

From all evidence, I believe we can substantiate the existence of an underground “road” system stretching as much as 2,500 miles from Mexico to Bolivia, with a branch line running beneath Brazil toward the Atlantic Ocean, as well as a number of subsidiary lines. 

We turn now to the Pacific Ocean region.

PACIFIC 
EASTER ISLAND 
47 (S): Here, too, tunnels lead under the sea. 

CAROLINE ISLANDS 
48 (S): On Ponape Island are the mouths of impressive underground passages. 

CAROLINE ISLANDS 
49 (S): On another island, a secret passageway leads down to a terrifying labyrinth. 

HAWAIIAN ISLANDS 
50 (S): An immense temple lies underground. Also, tunnels are believed to link each of the islands. 

SUMATRA 
51 (S): A secret passage leads to a vast underground lake on whose shore awesome magic rites are still performed. 

OCEANA 
52 (0): There are traditions and legends in all Pacific islands of underground cavities reached through secret passages. 

ASIA 
Artificial labyrinths also stretch under vast areas of Central Asia. 

AFGHANISTAN 
53 (0): A Mongolian legend claims that a system of tunnels in Afghanistan links up with all other tunnels over the world. The tunnels are lit up by a green luminescence which promotes health and life and the growth of plants. 

RUSSIA 
54 (S): Investigation into a strange bluish light and noises emitted from a “bottomless well” in Azerbaijan, led to the discovery of a whole system of artificial tunnels. 

These connected with others in the Georgia and all over the Caucasus. (They are now believed to connect with tunnels in China, Tibet and Mongolia.) One large tunnel led to a spacious hall 65 feet high. 

The main entrances to the tunnels are regular in form, with handsome straight walls and narrow arches—and almost identical to tunnels in South America.10 

SIBERIA 
55 (S): At Kilyma, near the Cherskiy Mountain Range, a network of tunnels, part artificial, part natural, stretches endlessly toward Mongolia. In the long artificial stretches, the surface of the wall is almost smooth, as if it had been bored by some kind of machinery.11 

SIBERIA 
56 (O): There are stories of further subterranean passages in the area of the Altai Mountains. One entrance is at a place called Ergor. 

TIBET 
57 (O): Tibetans speak of the green fluorescence in the tunnels as an underground source of energy, which replaces that of the sun, causing plants to breed and prolonging human life. 

They claim the tunnels go under the Pacific to the Andes in South America and were “built by giants” when the world was young. 

In the summer of 1944, on the Colombia-Ecuador border, journalist John Sheppard came upon a Mongol in meditation with a prayer wheel of the type used in Tibet. 

There was suggestion that this was none other than the thirteenth Dalai Lama, who, though supposed to have died in 1933, was in fact never buried in his crypt. 

And in Lhasa, the reason given was that he did not die but made the long underground pilgrimage to the Andes, the alleged birthplace of Lamaist religion. 

And why does Machu Picchu in Peru bear the same name as a mountain and river in Tibet? (The standard appeal to “coincidence” would be too farfetched in this case.) 

SINKIANG, CHINESE TURKESTAN 
58 (S): Local inhabitants showed the distinguished Russian scientist Nicolas Roerich some long subterranean corridors; they informed him of 214 people who came out to the towns and spent ancient coins that could not be identified.12 

KARAKORAM PASS, CHINA 
59 (O): Tall white men and women have appeared from secret entrances from inside the mountains, have assisted travellers, and been seen in the dark with torches. 

CHINA 
60 (S): In July 1961, Professor of Archaeology, Chi Pen Loo, stumbled across a system of tunnels in the Valley of Stones, in the Honan Mountains. They were smooth and glazed, with paintings of men on a “flying shield” hunting animals. 

61 (S): Ten miles north of Tunhwang (on the southeastern edge of the Gobi Desert on the borders of Tibet) is positive evidence of subterranean passageways. 

Behind one of the “Caves of the One Thousand Buddhas” a concealed stairway leads into a more ancient labyrinth of tunnels to disappear in a due south direction.13 

TIBET 
62 (0): A tunnel connected with ancient underground cities is claimed by Buddhist priests to be located beneath the Potala in Lhasa. A massive gold door marks the entrance. 14 

TIBET 
63 (0): Other ancient underground galleries extending under the Himalayan foothills, leading far under Mt. Kanchenjunga and in the Altyn Tagh Ridge, are said to contain a collection of several million books. The entrances are thoroughly concealed. 

TIBET 
64 (W): Tibetan lamas showed the American traveller R.C. Anderson a very old map of underground passages connecting North and South America, Europe and Africa. 

INDIA 
65 (S): A vast network of underground galleries runs from cave temples, an engineering feat suggesting a high technology in remotest antiquity.15 

INDIA 
66 (W): An ancient tradition of Brahmanic Hindustan speaks of a large island of “unparalleled beauty” which, in ancient times, lay in the middle of a vast sea in Central Asia, north of the Himalayas. Giant men of a Golden Age civilization lived on the island, but there was no communication between them and the mainland, except through tunnels, radiating in all directions, and many hundreds of miles long. These tunnels were said to have had hidden entrances in old ruined cities in India.16 

NORTH AMERICA 
ALASKA 
67 (0): Not far from the town of Tanana, in Alaska, Peter Freuchen was shown by local Indians some crevices in the mountains which led to tunnels believed to be inhabited. The Eskimos have many legends concerning a subterranean world lit by a perpetual light. 

ALASKA 
68 (O): Eskimos of Alaska and Canada “insist that underground passageways connecting both Asia and the American continent running beneath the Bering Strait were used to accomplish the waves of migration” from Asia.17 

U.S.A. 
69 (0): Apache Indians speak of tunnels that were “carved out by rays that destroy the living rock” and go underground from the U.S.A. all the way to Tiahuanaco, in South America. 

U.S.A
70 (0): The Mandan Indians of the Missouri region claimed that they had once been in the subterranean world. 

U.S.A. 
71(0): The Sioux of North and South Dakota recalled the visit of an Indian brave to an underground city (there is an enduring tradition of subterranean passages in this region). 

U.S.A. 
72 (W): About 1890, a local newspaper described the discovery of a very ancient cave near Santa Barbara, California. 

A large subterranean room had an immense rostrum with steps leading to a throne of marble and a canopy of gold. 

An adjoining chamber contained mummies, unknown inscriptions and a ceiling of the sky in detail. 

U.S.A. 
73 (O): At the turn of the century, an elderly Indian of the Cahroc tribe discovered a tunnel where the Mojave Desert met the Sierra Nevada range. He trailed it for miles underground. It led to a cavern illuminated by a pale yellowish-green light from an invisible source. 

U.S.A. 
74 (W): In 1904, J.C. Brown came upon an artificial tunnel in the Cascade Mountains. The walls were lined with tempered copper and hung with shields and gold wall pieces. Other rooms contained carved drawings and writing. Bones of giant humans lay on the floor. 

U.S.A. 
75 (W): In 1935, Frank White, prospecting in the mountains and deserts of Southern California, accidentally stumbled upon a small cleft in the rocks. It opened into an underground passage, with smooth, carefully crafted walls. 

After a half-hour’s walk, a progressively brightening fluorescent green light glowed over everything. Further on, mummified bodies dressed in leather-looking garments, as well as metal statues. lay about and against the walls. 

U.S.A. 
76 (O): The Paiute Indians speak of people who long ago built a city beneath the stones and the Panamint Mountain Range in Death Valley. 

U.S.A. 
77 (O): Various reports concern the remains of a splendid city about 75 miles northwest of Portland, Oregon, far down in the earth. It is said to be 8 to 10 miles underground and is reached by a number of tunnels which radiate from it in different directions.18 

CENTRAL AMERICA 
MEXICO 
78 (O): A Chiapese tradition recounts that Votan, in a trans-Atlantic visit to Spain and Rome, “went by the road which his brethren, the Culebres, had bored” (i.e., a tunnel which traversed the Atlantic Ocean).19 

GUATEMALA 
79 (O): Adventurer and traveller I. Lloyd Stephens was told by Indians about underground cities beyond Santa Cruz del Quinche, whose people knew “the formula for the great light.” He was taken under one of the buildings of the ruined Santa Cruz del Quinche into the entrance of one tunnel by which “one could reach Mexico in an hour.”20 

GUATEMALA 
80 (W): Fuentes in 1689 reported amazing tunnels of the most firm and solid cement, more than 30 miles long.21 

WESTERN GUATEMALA 
81 (0): A native missionary gave a dying deposition of a journey he had made through a subterranean tunnel leading to a lost city beyond the cordilleras. 

MARTINIQUE 
82 (0): Similar strange tunnels, very ancient and of unknown origin, were brought to the attention of Christopher Columbus in 1493. 

Indications of the reality of these tunnels come also from Sweden, Czechoslovakia, the Balearic Islands and Malta. Most ancient tunnel entrances are now covered by landslides. 

The weight of evidence suggests that, whatever the reason, there were once whole cities—linked by an elaborate complex of tunnels—deep beneath the surface of the earth. 

Could it be that some of them are still inhabited? Strange noises often resembling the throbbing of machinery have been reported emanating from underground in England, France, Canada, Mexico, Peru, Australia, India, Africa and certain parts of Russia. 

As for their origin, I say again, these remarkable achievements, so well attested, needed no astronaut help. They were the constructions of men with an advanced knowledge of engineering. 

Most of these fantastic tunnels were constructed in ways beyond our present capabilities—probably by some kind of thermal drill or electron rays, which melted the rock but left no debris. 

Interesting, isn’t it? The Channel Tunnel, though planned for fifty years by our highly technical engineers, is still not built; for generations they could not agree on the funding or the methods for this comparatively minor tunnel. 

Postscript: What we have just discussed does bring to mind an incident which was remembered for centuries in East Anglia—and which, if we did not know better, we might just dismiss as a fable. 

In the twelfth or thirteenth century, two “green children” emerged from a cave in Suffolk. They spoke in a strange language. The girl survived and gradually learned English. She described her subterranean homeland as being illuminated by a constant green glow as if the sun were always just below the horizon 22 

Enough said. 

Chapter 20 
Mechanical Devices
MYSTERY OF THE SCREAMING ROBOT 
In Malta, there are vestiges of what appear to be a railroad—but it is thousands of years old. 

Grooves for the rails and cross ties run beside a narrow strip of rock where no animals pulling a cart could pass. Neither are there any traces of footsteps or hoof marks. 

The track, cut into the rock, features sidings and junctions like a modern railway. At one point the track leaves the land and disappears under water for some distance. Mysterious, indeed. 

No less intriguing was the robot rooster that screamed. 

Is it possible that ancient man possessed machines? It’s not only possible. It’s true. 

GREECE 
1 (W): Steam boilers. 

GREECE 
2 (W): Steam-powered organs.

EGYPT 
3 (W): A two-cylinder steam engine which embodied the principles of both the turbine and jet propulsion. 

ECUADOR 
4 (S): Numerous woven copper items which bear a resemblance to the modern automobile radiator. Whatever their use, their design indicates a sophisticated understanding of heat-exchange technology.1 

GREECE 
5 (W): Petrol vapor machines. 

EGYPT 
6 (W): A speedometer registering the distance travelled by a vehicle. If it were not for the repeated burnings of the Alexandrian Library, what stories might we have found concerning motor cars? 

YUCATAN, MEXICO 
7 (O): The so-called Castillo of Chichen Itza was (according to a very ancient tradition) built over a “machine” of similar form capable of “travelling over great distances and for a very long time.” 

ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT 
8 (W): Jet engine. 

TLALELACO, MEXICO 
9 (S): Found 20 feet underground: an object which looks like a miniature jet engine. 

ECUADOR 
10 (S): Copper gears with a hardness comparable to steel, indicating they were designed for heavy mechanical use.2 

ECUADOR 
11(S): Copper and stone mechanical devices with circular rollers, bearing an uncanny resemblance to modern metal fabricating machines.3 

GREECE 
12 (W): A “machine tool” for cutting screws. 

GREECE 
13 (W): A machine for boring tunnels. 

EGYPT 
14 (S): Drills for boring into granite rock, that turned 500 times faster than modern power drills. 

TURKEY
15 (S): Drills that bored holes finer than the thinnest needle in hard stone. 

MEXICO 
16 (S): A 5-ton “steam-roller” for road maintenance. 

EGYPT 
17 (W): A fire engine with a double-action pump. 

GREECE 
18 (W): Screw pump: an ingenious interacting system of levers, pulleys and grips for lifting great weights—one use of which was to grab, tilt and sink enemy ships. 

FRANCE 
19 (W): A sculptured block discovered among Roman remains shows a multiple harvester used in reaping grain. 

PANAMA 
20 (S): A stylized model of an ancient geared earth-moving machine contains a system of mechanical gears (including cogwheels on an axle with a rocker arm between them, with two more rocker arms in the rear and a ‘jaguar mouth” with teeth like bucket grabs). The spadelike features on side and rear are very obvious.4 (If this is a prehistoric model of a real working vehicle, it would explain some of the construction triumphs of the ancient Americas.) 

ECUADOR 
21 (S): Found: mechanical corn mills, wheeled and geared.5 

ICA, PERU 
22 (W): Stone engravings show people operating unknown machines. 

CRETE 
23 (S): Remains of puzzling apparatuses have been found in the palaces and workshops of Knossos. 

PERU 
24 (W): A clay vessel portrays a man using the index fingers of both hands to operate a kind of calculating machine, or a switchboard.6 

CRETE 
25 (S): The Phaistos Disk (discovered in 1908) shows evidence of having been printed using moveable type (recurring symbols impressed individually). This shows that the principle of printing by type was known in very early times. (Evidence as to whether it was ever used on paper and other materials is probably lost forever.) 

Ancient mounds in Michigan, U.S.A., have likewise yielded objects which appear to have been impressed with dies or type pieces. 

GREECE 
26 (S): A bronze astronomical computer had complex dials, moveable pointers, inscribed plates, as well as twenty interlocking gears, a differential gear and a crown wheel.7 

SICILY 
CHINA 
PERSIA 
GREECE 
27 (W) Machines, often automatic, accurately rotated in imitation of astronomical movements. 

MAYA, GUATEMALA 
28 (S): Screw propellers. 

CALIFORNIA, U.S.A. 
29 (S): A mechanized device like a spark plug has been found inside a rock.8 

AUSTRIA 
30 (S): A machine-made steel cube (part of a larger mechanism) has been recovered below ground in a coal mine.

This was accidentally discovered in 1885, when a block of coal was broken open in the Austrian foundry of Isador Braun of Vocklabruck. Braun’s son took the mysterious cube to the Salzburg Museum, where it underwent examination by the Austrian physicist Karl Gurls. 

Fig. 20—1. Derek de Solla Price’s reconstruction of a calendar computer built by the Greeks in c.65 B.C. and found by sponge-divers off the island of Antikythera. 

Fig. 20—2a. Fragments of this ancient mechanical device which were encrusted by the sea. 

The object was clearly machine-fabricated, with smooth, sharp surfaces. Four of its sides were flat, and the two remaining sides opposite each other were convex. A deep, even groove ran completely around it. 

It remained on exhibit at the museum until 1910. An account of its discovery was published in the scientific journals Nature (London, 1886) and L’Astronomie (Paris, 1897). 

Of antediluvian origin, it is apparently a piece of some machine destroyed and buried during the Flood. 

U.S.A. 
ENGLAND 
GERMANY 
RUSSIA 
ITALY 
FRANCE 
31 (S): Similar objects with interesting angles have been discovered elsewhere. 

CHINA, 1st cent. 
AD PERU 
32 (W,S): A seismograph, providing data to pinpoint the epicenter of an earthquake anywhere in the world. 

The application of scientific principles here implied postulates a knowledge of the earth’s structure and of the propagation of waves. 

EGYPT, 2nd cent. AD. 
ATHENS, GREECE 
33 (W): Coin slot-machines for holy water (the quantity depending on the coin inserted). 

EGYPT 
34 (W): An automaton in the form of a cock was discovered after the Muslim conquest of Egypt, by one of the first caliphs of Cairo, and described in an Arab manuscript known as the Murtadi. It was made of red gold and covered with precious stones, with two shiny gems for eyes. The cock, when approached, uttered a frightening cry and began flapping its wings. 

MECHANICAL-ELECTRONIC ROBOTS 
CHINA 
35 (W): A walking robot. EGYPT over 2,000 years ago 

36 (W): More than 100 different automatons are recorded. 

GREECE
37 (W): A human like robot that walked—and almost ran away! 

PERU 
38 (W): A robot that spoke and gave answers to questions (a computer?). 

CRETE 
39 (W): A bronze Talus metallic creature. 

RHEIMS, FRANCE 
0 (W): A bronze automaton which answered questions. 

REGENSBURG, GERMANY 
41 (W): An android that walked, spoke and performed domestic chores. 

AZTECS, MEXICO 
42 (S): Found: a figurine of a robot. 

Are these residues of automation in a past technological era? 

I should qualify that not all scientific achievements of the past were a legacy from before the Flood. There were natural social factors, of course. However, some achievements of early history and prehistory cannot be defined as creations of man’s mind at that time, because economic and social conditions were not ripe for them. They would have to be an inheritance from an earlier period. 

A mechanical effect of stunning beauty may soon be discovered in the Lin-t-’ung district of China. 

Here, where China’s earliest emperors lived and died, widespread excavations are presently being undertaken. The most staggering finds are yet to be made. Hidden beneath the picturesque landscape lie hundreds of undisturbed imperial tombs, each filled with art treasures and riches. 

In 100 B.C. the Chinese chronicler Suma Chien described unbelievable treasures constructed within the tomb of the first emperor, Chi’n Shi Huang Ti. Constellations, regions of the earth and contemporary buildings were all reproduced. “All the rivers of the country, the Yellow River and the Yangtze, were reproduced in quicksilver and made to flow into a miniature ocean through some mechanical means.”9 

The location is known. The tomb, under a mound overgrown with trees and wildflowers, towers 165 feet (16 stories high) against the northern foothills of Mount Li in the Wei River valley of Kansu province. 

The archaeologists who finally penetrate this tomb had better take care; the ancient chronicler warned that weaponry was set up “so that any robber breaking in would be killed.”10 

Chapter 21 
Everyday Items
THE PHOTO SPIES 
Could photographic and listening devices have been known and used in the very distant past? An outrageous suggestion, surely. 

Let me introduce to you some Indian records dating to the second millennium B.C. and considered to be copies of still older documents. Whereas the writings of most other nations suffered willful destruction, these have by some miracle survived. 

They present epics of gods and men, interspersed with such wealth of a scientific nature that much of it was considered absurd when translated last century. 

Modern science is today catching up with many of the concepts expressed in these documents. 

Scientists in many countries are now studying a remarkable translation made by Maharshi Bharadwaja called Aeronautics, described as A Manuscript from the Prehistoric Past. It contains fascinating, almost incredible data. This translation has been published by the International Academy of Sanskrit Research in Mysore, India. Its table of contents includes: 

The secret of constructing aeroplanes, which will not break, which cannot be cut, will not catch fire, and cannot be destroyed; the secret of making planes motionless; the secret of hearing conversations and other sounds in enemy planes; the secret of receiving photographs of the interior of enemy planes, and more.1 

Take merely the photographic and audio references in this ancient document. Impossible questions arise, unless we are prepared to understand that there must have been a higher culture or an equally perfect technology before our own. 

Many isolated clues from around the world—inconsequential in themselves, but cumulatively meaningful—show that everyday items familiar to us were known and used throughout the “prehistoric” world. 

Significantly, these are found in the ruins of inferior civilizations—after the superior technology had vanished. They are suggestive of what must have preceded them. 

So here are some of the more modest inventions, but nonetheless surprising to us, that can be found in the “minor” pages of archaeology. 

EGYPT, 2750 B.C. 
1 (S): Envelopes were used for letters and sealed with the sender’s private seal. 

EGYPT, 2500 B.C. 
2 (S): Eleven rusted razor blades with hieroglyphic writing on them. 

BABYLON 
3 (S): Sulfur matches. 

THERA, 1500 B.C. 
4 (W): Boxing gloves. 

INDIA 
5 (S): Thimbles. 

EGYPT, 2700 B.C. 
UR, CHALDEA 
COSTA RICA TO COLOMBIA 
6 (S): Silver and gold foil. 

ECUADOR 
7 (W): A plaque depicts a clerk writing with a quill pen in a surprisingly modern book. 

GENERAL 
8 (S): Evidence for paper books has been found on all continents except Australia. 

UYCALI and TITICACA, PERU 
9 (S): Books of paintings and hieroglyphics. (Of course, this refutes the conventional assumption that writing was unknown in South America.) 

GUATEMALA 
EGYPT 
10 (O): Books made of gold leaves. 

SYRIA, 1400 B.C. 
11 (S): Several rooms in one library were devoted entirely to just dictionaries and lexicons! 

EGYPT 
CHINA 
INDIA 
12 (S): Technological textbooks. 

URARTU, TURKEY 
13 (S): Rulers and compasses were used when making elaborate drawings for frescoes. 

MEDZAMOR, ARMENIA, 2500 B.C. 
14 (S): Metallic paint. 

EGYPT, 3000 B.C. 
20 (S): A segmented box similar to that used today for cutlery. 

EGYPT 
21 (S): Camping equipment. 

GUATEMALA 
22 (S): Diving suits. 

EGYPT 
23 (W): Plastics: “Glass which could be bent and yet not broken” was reported by the Arab historian Ibn Abd Hokh to have been buried in ancient vaults.2 

PERU 
24 (S): Plastics? Small tubes of a material like glass, but not glass, and of an unknown chemical composition, were found in graves, in the 1940’s. 

CAPPADOCIA, TURKEY 
25 (W): Drinking straws. 

EGYPT, 3000 B.C. 
SOUTHERN TURKEY 
CENTRAL AMERICA 
26 (S): Forks and spoons.

UR, CHALDEA 
27 (S): Knives of 2.8 percent tin. 

INDIA 
28 (S): Aluminum cups. 

TIAHUANACO, BOLIVIA 
CORNWALL, ENGLAND 
UR, CHALDEA 
MEXICO 
PERU 
29 (S): Finely executed gold dinnerware. 

CRETE 
30 (S): Glazed dinnerware and tinted glass goblet. 

ROME 
31 (S): Thermos containers, keeping liquids and foods either hot or cold, in common use. 

URARTU, TURKEY 
32 (S): Furniture decorated with gold and silver; bronze legs of tables and beds shaped like goats’ feet or horses’ hooves. 

GERMANY 
33 (S): Bed legs made of cast-metal statues balancing on wheels, could be rolled like a sofa on casters! Bronze Age Celts just weren’t supposed to have been that sophisticated. ` 

ISRAEL, 850 B.C. 
EGYPT 
34 (W): Beds and ornaments of color-stained ivory. 

ECUADOR 
35 (S): A magnificent golden bed inscribed with hieroglyphics. 

ISRAEL 
36 (W): Chairs of ebony, inlaid with ivory and lapis lazuli. 

SUMERIA, 3000 B.C. 
ECUADOR 
37 (W,S): Modern-quality musical instruments in great variety. 

SYRIA 
38 (S): A musical notation on a 3,400-year-old clay tablet, when translated and played, sounds very pleasing to the modern Western ear. Not unlike guitar music, it was probably written for a harp-accompanied soloist. 

ARIZONA, U.S.A. 
THE MAYA, MEXICO 
39 (S): Rubber balls.

Chapter 22 
Clothing and Adornment
BIKINI GIRLS OF THE MEDITERRANEAN 
Soak up the sun in your bikini, or try on your pantsuit and wig. Then off to a fashion parade. 

If twentieth century historians call you primitive because you live thousands of years B.C., then you can smile. Your jewelry is immaculate. You lack nothing in sophistication. 

Neither does your “prehistoric” husband live in a cave. He wears wellstyled clothes and modern shoes. 

Enough to give the traditional prehistorian a seizure. 

Here’s a short check list… 

GOBI DESERT 
NEVADA, U.S.A. 
ENGLAND 
1 (S): Fossilized (prehistoric) shoe prints. with nail heads around the edge, as well as “shoe laces.”1 

MEXICO 
PERU 
GERMANY 
2 (S): Gold and silver footwear with soft-gold soles or rubber soles; gold embellishment. 

HELWAN, EGYPT 
SUBIS MOUNTAINS, BORNEO 
3 (S): Finely woven textiles of extraordinary strength and delicacy, such as could only be produced in highly specialized factories, today. 

PERU to MEXICO 
4 (S): Cotton grown in various colors (from brown to blue), a technique which modern science has been unable to reproduce. 

MOCHICAS of PERU 
5 (S): Advanced dyeing techniques: fabrics covered with a mosaic of feathers, in no less than 190 shades of color. 

PERU 
6 (S): Magnificent textiles, with veils, brocades, and ‘gobelins’—far finer than is possible on any modern loom. 

RUSSIA, 3000 B.C. 
7 (S): Spindle whorls and patterned fabric designs. 

PERU 
8 (S): Exquisitely patterned lace. 

PERU 
9 (S): Clothing sewn artistically in multicolored designs, with gold and silver thread. 

CHUNG SHAN, CHINA 
10 (S): Jade clothes composed of hundreds of pieces of tightly fitted jade particles, sewn with golden thread. 

THE MAYA, MEXICO 
11 (S): Waterproof clothing. 

HONAN MOUNTAINS, CHINA 
12 (W): “Modern” jackets and long trousers (depicted in underground tunnel paintings). 

SOUTH AFRICA 
13 (W): Short-sleeved pullovers, closely fitting breeches, gloves, garters and slippers, and multicolored shirts. 

RUSSIA 
14 (S): Fur trousers, embroidered shirts, jackets with ivory badges and clasps.2 

RUSSIA 
15 (S): Two-piece suits, styled very much as in the present day).3 

CRETE 
ASIA MINOR 
EGYPT, 3000 B.C. 
16 (W): Fashions were launched by the elegant women of Crete, and imitated by other countries: 
• Very long skirts with flounces 
• Later: fuller skirts with flounces 
• Bodices decorated with Medici-like collars 
• Deeply cut in front, leaving the breasts visible 
• Hats of extravagance and variety 

FRANCE 
17 (W): Pantsuits, short-sleeved jackets, decorated hats, small boots and modern-looking purses.4 

SICILY 
18 (W): Bikinis modelled by skinny young girls, posing in a mode similar to that of today. 

SUMERIA, 2900 B.C. 
19 (S): An amazingly modern wig. 

THERASUMERIA 
20 (W,S): Eyelid paint; eye makeup. 

EGYPT 
21 (S): A woman preserved in a tomb was wearing five shades of lipstick; her hair had been in rollers—and the curls were still in, after 3,000 years.

SUMERIA
BULGARIA, 3000 B.C. 
22 (S): Large earrings, necklaces, cosmetics and expensive jewelry, used with sophistication. 

MOHENJO-DARO, PAKISTAN, 3000 B.C. 
23 (S): Jewels, rings, bracelets and necklaces of gold, silver and ivory— kept in elegant silver caskets—and “so well finished and so highly polished that it might have come out of a Bond Street jeweller’s.” 

So much for a sampling of ancient fashions. Among the general populace, we see astonishing variety and opulence in clothing; also elegance in which good taste and coordination among clothes, hairdos, headwear and jewelry prevailed. 

Beauty sophistication matched our own. Herbal drops were used to enlarge the pupils of the eyes. Green eyeshadow, black eyeliner, face powder and rouge were used in great quantities, as was a bleaching paste for freckles. 

From the earliest times, nails held a fascination. Manicuring implements were used, including a cuticle pusher rather like an orange wood stick of today. Women colored their fingernails and toenails bright red. 

In taste, people were basically the same as today. 

Chapter 23 
Art and Sculpture—
THE CRYSTAL SKULL 
Imagination, you might say. And perhaps I should agree, were it not for the consistent testimony of reputable witnesses. 

A crystal skull, during certain phases of the moon, emits capella choir music, melodious tinkling bells and a violet glow. 

Scientists have no theory at all to explain the phenomena. The elevenpound skull was unearthed by Mitchell Hedges at Lubaantun, British Honduras. 

It is no secret that prehistoric art and sculpture pose for us some tantalizing mysteries. We are confronted with 
• Three-dimensional art 
• Four-dimensional art 
• Visible then invisible 
• Sex-change sculpture 
• Eighteen-story-high statues 
• Murals in luminous paint 
• Carvings designed to produce a fifteen-minute moving picture sequence with the brilliance of a neon sign 

Such subtle techniques run counter to the common view of primitives living in caves, using clubs and crude flint tools and looking like ape men! 

So far I have not been fortunate enough to hear an explanation of such ultra modern genius that is even tolerably convincing. 

Some of this art is so advanced, its techniques are ahead of our time. 

ALTAMIRA, SPAIN 
LASCAUX, FRANCE 
RIBADASELLA, SAHARA 
1 (S): Cave paintings of highly developed and stylized art which look strangely modern—masterpieces in any period. 
• Their dynamic realism and beauty, their flowing lines and contrast, their use of perspective, make them immensely superior to the later animal paintings of Egypt, Babylon, Greece or Crete, and of a level not again reached until the Renaissance in the fifteenth century! 
• Sketches and trial pieces found suggest that there were art schools. 
• The pictures show shadows and highlights; there is a plan of construction, an idea of composition that makes use of hollows and knobs in the rock. The painters possessed a culture much more advanced than the average inhabitant of the European countryside today. 

AJANTA, 
near BOMBAY, INDIA, 6th cent. 
2 (S): Luminous paints: Cave murals portraying women carrying gifts lack depth until the light is switched off. In darkness, the figures on the wall appear to be three-dimensional, as if they were made of marble—by the clever employment of luminous paint, the secret of which has been lost forever. 

FRANCE 
3 (S): The engraved bones of Glozel are still the finest in the world. 

MOHENJO-DARO, PAKISTAN 
MESOPOTAMIA PERSIAN GULF 
4 (S): Soapstone seals carved with figures of bulls, elephants, antelope and other animals (one showing a man up a tree with a tiger lurking hungrily below) are only as big as postage stamps. So fine is the artwork that it might have been done under a magnifying glass. 

HAVEA, BRAZIL 
5 (S): A mountain carved to resemble the head of a bearded man wearing a spiked helmet: On one side of the mountain (on a small vertical 241 face 3,000 feet in height) is a carved inscription in cuneiform characters some 10 feet tall. It is a mystery how this was done. 

PLATEAU OF MARCAHUASI, PERU 
6 (S): Four-dimensional art: 
• Carvings which, according to the angle of vision, have several faces—but you have to move into the right spot to distinguish each of them. As you move, they disappear or change into other figures. 
• Many become visible, then invisible again, seen only at noon, or twilight, or certain other hours, or at one of the solstices—and at no other time. 
• A figure of an old man, when photographed, changes into the carved face of a radiant youth. How can we explain this sculptural mystery, which is revealed only in the photograph? It is hard to see how an artist could achieve this effect even with the benefits of modern science. 

The artists needed incomparable skill to make the shapes appear only from certain angles and under certain specific conditions of sunlight. 

These examples belong to a vast complex of monuments and sculptures covering a square mile, using whole cliffs; with images of the four main human races and of animals from other parts of the world. 

Every type of sculptural technique was used: bas-relief, engraving, and play of light and shade. The sculptors scientifically utilized the laws of perspective and optics. 

EASTER ISLAND 
7 (S): Sculptured heads, although without eyes, have eyebrows carved in such a way as to produce a shadow that simulates the eye in the cavity at a certain time of the year. 

SOUTH AMERICA 
ENGLAND (Stonehenge and Avebury) 
FRANCE (Southern Brittany) 
8 (S): Visible, then invisible sculpture is seen in many places elsewhere. 

ONEGA RIVER, RUSSIA 
9 (S): “Neon sign” effect with a moving picture: An astonishing gallery of 600 sketches has been incised into a cliff of hard granite rising vertically from lake waters—ingeniously designed to blend the effect of rippling water reflection with setting sunlight. 

When the sun nears the horizon, the granite shines dark-red and the various colored lines of the pictures become very clear (the countless tiny crystal prisms of the incisions reflecting much more light than the surrounding smooth areas) and shine intensely. 

The luminous pictures then begin to move. The frog seems to turn into an elk, while the hunter makes a movement with the hand; having thrown the axe with his right hand, he puts out his left arm to keep his balance, as the camp fire flickers. 

This magnificent spectacle lasts a quarter hour, until the setting sun makes the designs grow weaker. 

Like neon lamps going on and off, which seem to move, the same effect is seen here: groups of tiny prisms on the unequal surfaces of the designs act like lamps, so that at moments some become more luminous than others. 

Two currents of light—from the setting sun and the moving water—give the impression that the whole design is moving.1 

The artists must have had a clear idea of what they wanted to show, as well as acute vision and steady hands, since a wrong cut in the sharp silica could have ruined the picture for good; granite is a canvas which will not allow corrections. 

AUSTRALIA 
10 (S): Are these laser beam carvings? Punchings of designs and symmetrical forms have been made 4 to 8 inches deep on rock faces 30 to 300 feet up. 

Attempts to duplicate the engravings with modern tools failed—the rock would only chip or flake. 

“Nothing but a laser beam could leave this impression,” claims a scientist.2 
(Not forgetting that in the United States of America, Apache Indians spoke of tunnels “carved out by rays that destroy the living rock.”) 

GERMANY 
RUSSIA 
11 (S): Faces that change sex: Giant stones carved to resemble human heads had two faces. When they were turned 125 degrees, a man’s face turned into a woman’s face. (Pre-glacial) 

THE MAYA, GUATEMALA 
12 (S): Transfer printing: A pattern drawn on a flat surface was transferred onto a jar in three dimensions with an exactitude that few living draftsmen could duplicate. The design was complex. 

BRITISH HONDURAS MEXICO 
13 (S): Two separate crystal skulls, intricate and beautiful, have no equal anywhere. Each was carved from a solid block of crystal. The larger is in natural size, with a separate, but attached, moveable lower jaw, implying that it was meant to “talk.” Use unknown. Each crystal skull has a built-in, nearly perfect set of complicated optical systems that allow almost all the light entering its base to emanate in full spectrum through the hollow eyes. It has been reported that one skull emits strange noises at times.3 

Today we know that the properties of quartz are very important in semiconductor electronics and radio communications, but with all our experience we could not produce such a work as the crystal skull. 

GUIANA 
ENGLAND 
U.S.A. 
CHILE 
AFGHANISTAN 
PERU 
14 (S): Enormous carvings and drawings (often too large to be seen from any place on the ground): Human and animal figures from 60 to 330 feet long. Another 825 feet long (part of the Nazca drawings occupying 30 square miles) is the largest work of art in the world. 

EGYPT 
15 (S): The titanic portrait statues of the Pharaohs (up to 89 feet high, with toes, eyes, ears, all of enormous proportions) required an incredible combination of skill and precision. The artist could seldom see all his work at one time. 

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Health and Medical—WHAT HAPPENED AFTER THE CAR CRASH 

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