The Atlantis Encyclopedia
by Frank Joseph
Le Plongeon, Augustus
French physician (1826 to 1908) who lived for many years among the Lacadone
Indians, descendants of the Mayas, learning their language, customs, and oral
traditions firsthand. Dr. Le Plongeon was first to excavate the pre-Columbian
ruins of Yucatan, amassing important artifact collections that became valuable
additions to some of the leading museums of Mexico and the United States. He
was also an early pioneer in decipherment of the Mayan hieroglyphs, which his
academic contemporaries found utterly inscrutable.
It was his ability to achieve at least their partial translation with the help of his
Lacadone friends that sabotaged his professional standing, because Le Plongeon
found references among a few of the carved stelae to the sunken civilization of
Mu. After its destruction, survivors arrived in Central America, he read, where
they became the ancestors of the Mayas.
He believed the story was preserved in the Tro-Cortesianus, or Troano Codex,
one of only three books that survived the wholesale incineration of Mayan literature by Christian zealots in the 16th century. While his literal translation was
erroneous, it was at least vaguely correct, because the Troano Codex, while not a
history of the Lemurian cataclysm, is a kind of astrological almanac describing
natural catastrophes as the delineators of world epochs.
Le Plongeons Sacred Mysteries Among the Mayas and Quiches 11,500 Years
Ago and Queen Moo and the Egyptian Sphinx were important influences in the
work of James Churchward, who brought the subject to a wider reading audience
beginning in the early 20th century, and they remain valued, if flawed contributions
to Lemurian studies.
(See Churchward)
Lesser Arrival
The Mayan epic, the Popol Vuh (“The Book of Counsel”) records two major
immigrations of white-skinned foreigners from over the Atlantic Ocean. The earlier
is the Greater Arrival, and corresponds to large-scale, although not total, evacuation
of Atlantis in the late 4th millennium B.C., during a period of geologic upheavals. The
Lesser Arrival took place some 2,000 years later, when Atlantis was utterly destroyed
and some of its survivors made their way to the shores of Yucatan. According to the
Popol Vuh, the leading personality of the Greater Arrival was Itzamna, the founding
father of Mesoamerican Civilization. Votan led the Lesser Arrival. He was described
as saving sacred records written on deer hide that chronicled the early history of his
people from Valum before its destruction by a natural catastrophe.
(See Greater Arrival)
Leucaria
A Latin version of the ancestress cited in Plato’s account of Atlantis, she and
her husband founded the city of Rome.
(See Italus, Kritias, Leukippe)
Peru’s Emerald Pyramid is adorned with the motif of an over-arching rainbow through which a fair-skinned foreigner arrived with the gifts of civilization, following a catastrophic deluge.
Leukippe
“The White Mare,” the first woman of Atlantis mentioned briefly by Plato in
Kritias. A white mare motif in association with Atlantean themes appears in various
parts of the world. The most prominent example appears at England’s Vale of the
White Horse, north of the Berkshire chalk downs, in Uffington. The 374-foot long
hill-figure depicts a stylized horse cut into the turf. It is traditionally “scoured” by local people, as they tramp around the outline of the intaglio seven times every Whitsunday
to preserve the image. Whitsunday, or “Pentecost,” is a festival celebrated every
seventh Sunday after Easter. It commemorates the descent of the Holy Ghost on
Christ’s disciples after his crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension to heaven, and
marks the beginning of the Church’s mission throughout the world. “Whitsunday”
supposedly derives from special white gowns worn by the newly baptized. But all this
may be a Christian gloss over an original significance that was deliberately syncretized
by Church officials anxious to dilute and absorb “pagan” practices.
While the seven annual scourings of the White Horse parallel the seven
Sundays following Easter and ending with “White Sunday,” 7 was, many centuries
before, regarded as the numeral of the completion of cycles by the Greek mathematician Pythagoras, and his followers, including Plato, throughout the Classical
World. Moreover, the British hill-figure is deeply pre-Christian, even pre-Celtic,
dating to 1200 B.C. This is also the most important time horizon in Atlantean
studies, because it brackets the final destruction in 1198 B.C. Some survivors from
the catastrophe may have immigrated to England, where they created the White
Horse intaglio to commemorate the first lady of their lost homeland while celebrating their renewed life in Britain. These were possibly the original sentiments taken
over by the analogous death and resurrection of Christ at Pentecost. Even the
very term, “Whitsunday,” may not have been occasioned by Christian baptismal
garb, but more likely arose from the White Horse itself. Pentecost is only known
in Britain as “Whitsunday” (that is, “White Sunday”).
The cult of the white horse persisted throughout Celtic times, Roman occupation, and centuries after in the British worship of Epona, from which our word
“pony” derives. White horse ceremonies rooted in prehistory are still performed at
some seaside villages in the British Isles, and are always associated with sailing. A
particularly Atlantean example is Samhain, (pronounced sovan or sowan), or “end
of summer” celebration, a survivor from deep antiquity. In parts of Ireland’s County
Cork, the Samhain procession features a man wearing the facsimile of a horse’s
head and a white robe. In this costume he is referred to as the “White Mare,” and
leads his celebrants down to the seaside. There he wades out into the water, pours a
sacrificial libation, then recites a prayerful request for a good fishing harvest. This
ritual occurs each November 1, the anniversary of the destruction of Atlantis.
The Greeks commonly envisioned foaming waves as “whites horses,” so
Leukippe was appropriately named. The Earth Mother Goddess Demeter was
sometimes referred to as Leukippe, the White Mare of Life. As Demeter was part
of the Atlantean mystery cult, The Navel of the World, Leukippe may have been
its original and central figure. In a North American plains’ version of the Great
Flood, ancestors of the Lakota Sioux were saved by a sea-god who rises up from
the waves riding a great white horse.
Lifthraser and Lif
In Norse myth, the husband and wife who survived a world-ending flood to
repopulate the world. Every Scandinavian is a descendant of Lifthraser and Lif.
Limu-kala
Hawaiian for the common seaweed (Sargassum echinocarpum), distinguished by
its toothed leaves, used as a magical cure. A lei of limu-kala was placed around the
neck of the patient, who then walked into the sea until the waves carried the garland
away and, with it, all illness. It was also eaten by mourners as part of funeral rites.
Limu-kala leis still adorn fishing shrines and ancient temples, or heiau, throughout the
Hawaiian Islands. Its name and functions clearly define limu-kala’s Lemurian origins.
(See Hina-lau-limu-kala, Lemuria)
Ling-lawn
The supreme sky-god worshiped by the Shans, a tribal people inhabiting northeastern Burma (Myanmar). Offended by the immorality of his human creations,
Ling-lawn dispatched the gods to destroy the world. His myth relates, “They sent
forth a great conflagration, scattering their fire everywhere. It swept over the Earth,
and smoke ascended in clouds to heaven.” With all but a few men and women still
alive, his wrath was appeased, and Ling-lawn extinguished the burning world in a
universal flood that killed off all living things, save a husband and wife provisioned
with a bag of seeds and riding out the deluge in a boat. From these survivors, life
gradually returned.
The fundamental similarities of Ling-lawn’s flood story with accounts in other,
distant cultures is particularly remarkable in view of the obscure Shans’ remote
isolation. Doubtless, their ancestors experienced the same natural catastrophe
witnessed by the rest of humanity.
Llyn Syfaddon
Also remembered in some parts of Wales as Llyn Savathan, Llyn Syfaddon
was the great kingdom of Helig Voel ap Glannog, which extended far out into the
Atlantic Ocean from Priestholm, until it sank entirely beneath the sea. Another
name for the drowned realm, Llys Elisap Clynog, seems related to Elasippos, the
Atlantean king in Plato’s dialogue, Kritias.
Llyon Llion
Remembered as the “Lake of Waves,” which overflowed its banks to inundate
the entire Earth. Before this former kingdom was drowned, the great shipwright
Nefyed Nav Nevion completed a vessel just in time to ride out the cataclysm. He
was joined in it by twin brothers, Dwyvan and Dwyvach who, landing safely on the
coast of Wales, became the first Welsh kings. This myth is less the slight degeneration of an obviously earlier tradition than it is an example of the Celtic inclination
toward whimsical exaggeration, making a mere lake responsible for a global flood.
In all other respects, it conforms to Atlantean deluge accounts throughout the
world, wherein surviving twins become the founding fathers of a new civilization.
Llys Helig
A stony patch on the floor of Conway Bay, sometimes visible from the shore
during moments of water clarity, and regarded in folk tradition as the site of a
kingdom formerly ruled by Helig ap Glannawg. He perished with Llys Helig when
it abruptly sank to the bottom of the sea. The stones taken for the ruins of his
drowned palace are part of a suggestive natural formation that recalls one of
several Welsh versions of the Atlantis disaster. Others similarly describe Llyn
Llynclys and Cantref-y-Gwaelod. A large, dark pool of fathomless water in the
town of Radnorshire is supposed to have swallowed an ancient castle known as
Lyngwyn. So many surviving mythic traditions of sunken kingdoms suggest that
the Atlanteans made an enduring impact on Wales.
Llyn Savathan
Known in other parts of Wales as Llyn Syfaddon, it was the extensive kingdom
of Helig Voel ap Glannog, whose great possessions, extending far into the sea from
Priestholm, had been suddenly overwhelmed by the sea. His name is remarkable,
because it contains the “og” derivative of Atlantean deluge heroes in other parts of
the world. Another Welsh flood tradition, Llys Elisap Clynog, repeats the “og” theme.
(See Llyn Syfaddon, Ogma, Ogriae)
Lono
The white-skinned man-god who arrived long ago by ship in the Hawaiian
Islands, bringing the first `uala, or sweet potato to the natives. His name is still
invoked at every stage in its planting, tending, and harvesting. Lono instituted and
presided over the makahiki celebrations, which began every late October or early
November, the same period used for ceremonies commemorating the dead in
various parts of the world, such as Japan’s Bon, Thailand’s Lak Krathong, Christian
Europe’s and pre-Columbian Mexico’s All Souls’ Day, and so on. This is the time
of year associated with the final destruction of Atlantis.
Like these foreign celebrations, the dating of the makahiki, a new year’s
ceremony, was determined by the first appearance of the Pleiades, or “Atlantises,”
above the horizon at dusk, because it was at this time that Lono traditionally
arrived from Kahiki, one of several names by which the sunken kingdom was known
throughout the Pacific. Ironically, the famous British explorer, Captain James
Cook, landed at the same anchorage, Kealkekua, in Hawaii’s Kona District, where
Lono first appeared. Cook was not the only white man to have followed so closely
in the footsteps of a prehistoric predecessor. Both Cortez in Mexico and Pizarro
in Peru were identically mistaken by the indigenous people for Quetzalcoatl, the
“Feathered Serpent,” and Viracocha, “Sea Foam,” earlier white-skinned visitors.
Clearly, these vastly separated traditions establish a form of prehistorical meeting
common to them all.
Carried throughout the makahiki was a ritual image of Lono consisting of a
tall upright wooden pole, at the top of which was a crosspiece from which were
hung sheets of white bark cloth and lei of fern and feathers. The carved figure
of a bird surmounted “Father Lono,” or this Lonomakua. Its resemblance to
the chief symbol for Mu, as described by James Churchward, is remarkable.
Lono’s identification with this sunken kingdom is underscored by his title,
Hu-Mu-hu-Mu-nuku-nuku-apua’a, which indicates he could “swim” from Mu
between the islands like a fish, a reference to his skill as a transoceanic mariner.
His myth is the folk memory of an important culture-bearer from the lost civilization of the Pacific.
(See Bon, Hiva, Lak Krathong, Mu, Pleiades, Viracocha, Quetzalcoatl)
The Lost Garden
Published in 1930, G.C. Foster’s witty spoof of all “lost continent” theories
has reincarnated Atlanteans hotly debating the real or imagined existence of
Lemuria, employing all the standard arguments used to either support or discredit a historical Atlantis.
Luondona-Wietrili
The original homeland of the Timor people, who universally claim descent
from this sunken kingdom. According to them, the little islet of Luang is the only
dry land surviving from the much larger island. Luandona-Wietrili was destroyed
by natural catastrophes in the form of a monstrous sailfish for the divisiveness of
its leaders.
Lycaea
A Greek ceremony conducted at Mount Lycaeus commemorating the destruction of a former human epoch by a worldwide catastrophe. Each Lycaea
reenacted the story of an antediluvian monarch, Lycaon, who tried to deceive
the king of the gods into committing cannibalism. Seeing through the trick, Zeus
punished both Lycaon and his degenerate people with a genocidal flood.
Of the three distinct deluge myths known to the Greeks, the Lycaea seems
closest to Plato’s account of Atlantis, which likewise grows degenerate and is
annihilated by Zeus with a watery cataclysm. The deeply pre-Platonic roots of this
rendition tend to thus confirm at least the fundamental veracity of both Timaeus
and Critias and the Lycaea itself. The previous Deucalion and Ogygean floods
belonged to geologic upheavals and mass migrations of Atlantis in the late fourth
and third millennia B.C.
(See Deucalion, Ogriae)
Lyonesse
In British myth, the “City of Lions” was the capital of a powerful kingdom that
long ago dominated the ocean. Like Plato’s description of Atlantis, Lyonesse was a
high-walled city built on a hill which sank beneath the sea in a single night. Only a
man riding a white horse escaped to the coast at Cornwall. Two families still claim
descent from this lone survivor. The Trevelyan coat-of-arms depicts a white horse
emerging from the waves, just as the Vyvyan version shows a white horse saddled and
ready for her master’s flight. While both families may in fact be direct descendants
of an Atlantean catastrophe, Lyonesse’s white horse connects Leukippe, “White
Mare,” mentioned in Plato’s account as an early inhabitant of Atlantis, with the
White Horse of Uffington, a Bronze Age hill-figure found near Oxford. Tennyson
believed Camelot was synonymous for “the Lost Land of Lyonesse.” Indeed, the
concentric configuration of Atlantis suggests the round-table of Camelot.
In another version of the Cornish story, Lyonesse’s royal refugees sailed
away to reestablish themselves in the Sacred Kingdom of Logres. While the
medieval Saxon Chronicle impossibly dates the sinking of Lyonesse to the late 11th
century A.D., its anonymous author nonetheless records that the event occurred
on November 11, a period generally associated with the destruction of Atlantis.
Traditionally, the vanished kingdom is supposed to have sunk between the Isles
of Scilly and the Cornish mainland, about 28 miles of open sea. A dangerous reef,
known as the Seven Stones, traditionally marks the exact position of the capital.
These suggestive formations appear to have helped transfer the story of Atlantis,
recounted by survivors in Britain, to Cornwall.
(See Leukippe)
The ruins of Lixus, coastal Morocco, associated with Atlantean king, Autochthones.
M
Macusis
The survivor, together with his wife, of a great flood that destroyed the world
and from whom an Indian tribe in British Guiana derived its name.
Madolenih-Mw
The eastern half of Ponape, which features the island’s largest state. The
Micronesian location is the site of Nan Madol, an extensive megalithic ceremonial
center which resembles the Indus Valley cities of Harappa and Mohenjo Daro.
Madolenih-Mw suggests the name of the lost Pacific civilization that gave rise to
both Nan Madol and the Indus Valley cities.
Maeldune
A legendary Irish voyager, he was actually a poetic device to epitomize pre-Celtic and early-Celtic knowledge of the sea. In one adventure, Maeldune sails to an
unknown, mist-shrouded, abandoned island with tall mountains and a strange city
laid out in concentric circles of alternating land and water connected by canals.
Each ring of land was surrounded by walls decorated with gold, silver, and an unfamiliar precious metal —bath, which gleamed brighter than shiny copper or bronze.
Maeldune’s nameless island is doubtless the same as Atlantis, from its
mountains to the circular city plan and richly covered walls. Bath is Plato’s
orichalcum, the gold/copper alloy he said the Atlanteans delighted in displaying.
That the island was depicted as hidden by mists and uninhabited are metaphors
for its disappearance.
(See Findrine, Orichalcum)
Mag Meld
An island in the Atlantic Ocean from
which the Family of Partholon immigrated to pre-Celtic Ireland before the
“Pleasant Plain” disappeared in a “storm.”
(See Partholon)
Magog
Cited in the Old Testament (Genesis
10: 2) as the grandson of Noah, who led
his family and followers in post-Deluge
times. Magog is also mentioned in the
New Testament (Revelation 20:8). Gog
and Magog appear to have been less formal than descriptive names referring to
mighty kingdoms at either ends of the
world—“in the four corners of the Earth.”
They “went up over the breadth of the
Earth” before a “fire from heaven came
down out of heaven and devoured them,”
together with their “beloved city.” The
Atlantean implications of these lines
seem inescapable, especially in view of the “og” appellation identified with Atlantis
in Celtic traditions in Ireland, Britain, and the European Continent. Gog and
Magog may be associated, respectively, with Lemuria and Atlantis.
The 17th-century Swedish savant, Olaus Rudbeck, concluded that the tribe of
Magog was the biblical name for Atlantean survivors of the Second Cataclysm
who arrived in Scandinavia during the mid-third millennium B.C.
(See Rudbeck)
Mahabalipuram
In ancient Indian scriptures, “City of the Great Bali” was copied after the
palace of the gods, which its architect and ruler, Bali, visited. For this impropriety, Mahabalipuram was entirely swallowed by the sea in a terrible flood.
The cataclysm was commanded by Indra. Like Zeus in Plato’s account of the
Atlantean destruction, he was a sky-god, who convened all the other deities of
heaven to call down a watery judgement on the blasphemous inhabitants. Bali
was described as a “giant,” just as the first ruler of Atlantis, Atlas, was a Titan.
Mahapralaya
“The Great Cataclysm,” among the oldest surviving Hindustani legends, describes the rapid approach of a comet as it grows in size:
By the power of God there issued from the essence of Brahma
[the sky] a being shaped like a boar, white and exceedingly small;
this being, in the space of an hour, grew to the size of an elephant
of the largest size, and remained in the air. Suddenly [it] uttered
a sound like the loudest thunder, and the echo reverberated and
shook all the quarters of the universe. Again [it] made a loud
sound and became a dreadful spectacle.
Shaking the full-flowing mane which hung down his neck on
both sides, and erecting the humid hairs of his body, he proudly
displayed his two most exceedingly white tusks. Then, rolling
about his wine-colored eyes and erecting his tail, he descended
from the region of the air, and plunged head-foremost into the
water. The whole body of water was convulsed by the motion, and
began to rise in waves, while the guardian spirit of the sea, being
terrified, began to tremble for his domains, and cry for mercy.
(See Asteroid Theory)
Maia
An Atlantis, daughter of Atlas by Pleione, called “Grandmother,” because she
is the oldest of the Pleiades. In Greek myth, Maia’s husband, Hephaestus, crafted
the golden and silver dogs in front of King Alkynous’s palace at Phaeacia, in the
Odyssey. “Alkynous” is a male derivation of another Pleiade, Alkyone, further
establishing Homer’s Phaeacia as Atlantis. Her son is perhaps the most Atlantean of
all the gods, Hermes-Thaut, who carried the Emerald Tablets of Civilization to the
Nile Valley after the Flood, which he memorialized in building the Great Pyramid.
Our month of May, the birthstone of which is still the emerald, derived from Maia,
whose name means “the Maker.” Her feast-day, the first day of May, continues to
be celebrated around the world, as the workers’ international holiday.
In Hindu myth, Maia is also known as “the Maker,” the personification of
civilization. She was likewise worshiped by the Guanches, the ancient inhabitants
of the Canary Islands, off the northwest coast of Africa. A Guanche statue of
Maia was of such high caliber workmanship, the Christian Spaniards preserved it
in the mistaken belief that it represented the Virgin Mary. To them, the statue was
“our Lady of the Candalaria.” Its original location was in a seaside cave or grotto on Tenerife, and featured an inscription at its base. Leading Latin scholars for
four centuries struggled and failed to translate it, concluding that the words
belonged to a wholly unknown written language. The statue portrayed a nude
female, so Catholic priests draped the figure with specially sewn garments.
Interpreted as a representation of the Catholic Blessed Virgin, it stood 3 1/2 feet
tall and was carved in light red wood, the hair arranged in plaits of beaten gold
hanging down to the shoulders.
To the female figure’s right, holding a little bird of gold, was seated a small,
naked boy, identified by Church officials as the Infant Jesus. He might just as
well have been Herupkhart, “Horus the Child,” the sun-god usually appearing
as a naked youth. His Egyptian myth told how he first crossed the sky from east
to west in the company of Maia, the goddess of truth and embodiment of the
eternal order of the universe. The golden bird, a common solar symbol, held by
the boy of the Candalaria statue was probably a falcon, the avatar of Herupkhart.
In any case, the statue’s close resemblance to Maia and Horus the Child
rendered it more Egyptian than Christian, especially in view of the Guanches’
name for the image: Maia.
In November, 1826, a monstrous tidal wave crashed over Tenerife, and swept
the Lady of the Candalaria and her boy into the sea, never to be seen again. The
statue may have been a local Guanche creation, or perhaps it had been preserved
as a holy image from lost Atlantis. The boy accompanying her was an appropriate
addition, considering the function of each one of the Pleiades as the ancestors of
post-deluge founders of new kingdoms.
It is tempting to see in Maia the eponymous ancestress of the Mayas specifically and Mesoamerican civilization generally. The female progenitor of the
Aztecs was Coatlicue, “Our Grandmother,” the same title given to the eldest
Pleiade, Maia. The Ge-speaking Indians of Brazil’s northern coasts worshiped Maira,
their ancestress. In the ancient past, she was said to have set fire to a beautiful city
on an island far out at sea, then sank it to punish its sinful inhabitants. Interestingly,
“Maira” is the European gnostic name for the Star of Isis, later used as a title for
the Virgin Mary. The Greeks knew Maia similarly as “The Grandmother of Magic.”
In Hindu tradition, Maya is the mother of Buddha, in keeping with the role of the
Atlantean Pleiades as the mothers or grandmothers of great men.
The goddess of the Canary Islands, Egypt, Greece, India, and the Americas
was one and the same deity: the Atlantis, Maia. In the Atlantean Empire, Maia
was the name of an allied kingdom or colony including Lowland Yucatan and
Guatemala. It is here, at the Maya city of Tikal, that the Austrian archaeologist,
Teobert Mahler, discovered a sculpted frieze representing the destruction of
Atlantis on the front facade of the Acropolis.
(See Maler, Pleiades)
Maidu
A California Indian tribe, whose deluge story tells of Talvolte and Peheipe,
the only survivors of a natural catastrophe that destroyed their earthly paradise after its inhabitants, grown corrupt, had offended heaven, the same cause presented in Plato’s account of Atlantis.
Mai-Ra
Still venerated by the Ge-speaking Indians as the “Walker,” or “Maker,”
Mai-Ra was the last and former king of the “Land Without Evil.” Its inhabitants
did not live up to his high standards of morality, however, so he set the island on
fire, then sank it beneath the sea. Before these calamities, Mai-Ra left with a small
fleet of survivors chosen for their goodness. In time, they landed on the shores of
Brazil, where they interbred with native peoples to sire the present Indian race.
The story of Mai-Ra is a clear folk memory of the final destruction of Atlantis.
Makila
The ancestral hero of North America’s Pomo Indians. Makila and his son,
Dasan, leaders of a bird clan, arrived from “a great lodge” across the Atlantic Ocean
to teach wisdom, healing, and magic. The Atlantean features of this myth are clear.
Makonaima
In Melanesian tradition, the last king of Burotu before it sank beneath the
Pacific Ocean. He survived with his son, Sigu.
(See Burotu, Lemuria, Mu)
Maler, Teobert
An important Mayanist in the late 19th and early 20th centuries who discovered physical evidence for an Atlantean presence in Mesoamerica. Over the
course of several decades, he accumulated a vast treasury of exceptionally
skillful photographs depicting numerous, previously unrecorded Maya sites in
Mexico and Guatemala. These provided a seminal stimulus to the development
of Mesoamerican archaeology, and still remain a unique source of material for
epigraphic, iconographic, and architectural studies prized by modern archaeologists. Maler has long been recognized as one of the two great archaeological
explorers active in the Maya area at the dawn of professional studies in Middle
American history, the other being Alfred Maudslay. Had it not been for them,
later scholars would have been seriously handicapped by a lack of reliable data,
and the development of Maya archaeology would have been delayed by decades.
Austrian-born Teobert Maler came to Mexico in 1864 as a volunteer in an
Austrian military expedition supporting the imperial claims of Archduke
Maximilian. Although Maximilian was toppled in 1867, Maler made Mexico his
adoptive home, where he became a professional nature photographer. His subject
matter eventually included the country’s pre-Columbian ruins, which so fascinated him that he was eventually recognized as a self-taught but brilliant expert in
local archaeology. Documenting these structures soon evolved into his life’s
work, and he traveled widely throughout Mexico and Central America in search
of ancient sites, some of which he discovered himself.
During 1885, he settled in the quiet little Yucatan town of Ticul, and there
established a photographic studio, while becoming proficient in the Mayan
language. Throughout the course of his studies and explorations, he was a
valued contributor to the German geographic-ethnographic magazine, Globus,
and other scientific journals. His sets of large prints, uniformly mounted, supplemented by site plans and other information, were sought after by museums and
universities in both Europe and America, including Harvard’s Peabody Museum,
which sponsored his survey—the first ever—of Palenque and its environs.
Although vaguely familiar with Plato’s account of Atlantis, Maler, like most
scholars, then and now, dismissed the lost civilization as mere fantasy. However, while photographing the so-called “acropolis” at the ninth century Maya
ceremonial city of Tikal, in Guatemala, he discovered, in his words, “a water
scene with a volcano spouting fire and smoke, buildings falling into the water,
people drowning.” It was at the start of a sculpted frieze that ran around the
uppermost part of the building in an apparent visual representation of Maya
history. Until Maler’s photographic expedition to Tikal, the extensive ruins there
were virtually unknown to the outside world. Astounded by the “water scene,”
he was convinced it depicted Maya origins in Atlantis, and removed the panel to
the Voelkerkunde Museum, in Vienna. It was part of the institution’s permanent Mesoamerican display until 1945, when it disappeared among the general
looting by invading Soviet troops at the end of World War II. Fortunately, his
photograph of the Atlantean panel survives at the University of Pennsylvania.
Long after his death on November 22, 1917, in the Yucatan city of Merida,
Maler is still recognized by the academic community for his invaluable photographic and surveying services to Mesoamerican archaeology, although deplored
for his courage in describing evidence of Atlantis among the Mayas he knew so
well for most of his adult life.
Mama Nono
Before their extinction through exposure to European diseases against which
they had no immunity, Caribs of the Antilles told the Spaniards that Mama Nono
created the first new race of human beings. She achieved this act of regeneration
by planting stones in the ground after a great flood that wiped out all life on Earth.
In Greek myth, the deluge heroes, Deucalion and Pyrrha, were counseled to
repopulate mankind by throwing stones over their shoulders. As the stones fell to
the ground, men and women sprang up in their place. This myth, known in its
variants among widely scattered cultures around the Earth, is a shared metaphor
for the repopulation of a badly wounded world by survivors of the Atlantean
holocaust. In Britain, local traditions often recount that the standing stones of
megalithic circles are petrified humans, such as the “Whispering Knights.”
Mama Ocllo
Also called “Mama Oglo,” she was the companion of Manco Capac, who
survived a great flood by seeking refuge among the high Bolivian mountains, at
Lake Titicaca. Children born to her in South America were the progenitors of
all Andean royalty.
(See Manco Capac)
Man Mounds
Two effigy earthworks, of gigantic proportions, in Wisconsin. They represent
the water spirit that led the Wolf Clan ancestors of the Winnebago, or Ho Chunk
Indians, to safety in North America after the Great Flood. One of the geoglyphs
still exists, although in mutilated form, on the slope of a hill in Greenfield Township,
outside Baraboo. Road construction cut off his legs below the knees around the
turn of the 20th century, but the figure is otherwise intact. The giant is 214 feet
long and 30 feet across at his shoulders. His anthropomorphic image is oriented
westward, as though striding from the east, where the Deluge was supposed to
have occurred. His horned helmet identifies him as Wakt’cexi, the flood hero.
The terraglyph is no primitive mound, but beautifully proportioned and
formed. Increase Lapham, a surveyor who measured the earthwork in the early
19th century, was impressed: “All the lines of this most singular effigy are curved
gracefully, and much care has been bestowed upon its construction.”
A companion of the Greenfield Township hill-figure, also in Sauk County,
about 30 miles northwest, was drowned under several fathoms of river by a dam
project in the early 20th century. Ironically, the water spirit that led the Ho Chunk
ancestors from a cataclysmic flood was itself the victim of another, modern deluge.
The Atlantean identity of Wakt’cexi as materialized in his Wisconsin effigy
mounds is repeated in an overseas’ counterpart. The Wilmington Long Man is
likewise the representation of an anthropomorphic figure—at 300 feet, the largest in Europe—cut into the chalk face of a hill in the south of England, about 40
miles from Bristol, and is dated to the last centuries of Atlantis, from 2000 to
1200 B.C. Resemblances to the Wisconsin earthwork grow closer when we learn
that the British hill-figure was originally portrayed wearing a horned helmet
obliterated in the early 19th century. A third man-terraglyph is located in the
Atacama desert of Chile’s coastal region. Known as the Cerro Unitas giant, it is
the largest in the world at 393 feet in length. It, too, wears a horned headgear,
but more like an elaborate rayed crown.
The Old and New World effigy mounds appear to have been created by a
single people representing a common theme—namely, the migration of survivors
from the Atlantis catastrophe led by men whose symbol of authority was the
horned helmet. Indeed, such an interpretation is underscored by the Atlantean
“Sea People” invaders of Egypt during the early 12th century, when they were
depicted on the wall art of Medinet Habu, wearing horned helmets.
(See Navaho Child Initiation Ceremony, Pipestone, Ramses III)
Manco Capac
Described as a bearded, white-skinned flood hero, who arrived at Lake
Titicaca, where he established a new kingdom. In time, however, the native
peoples rose against him, massacring many of his followers. These events forced
him to relocate the capital to Cuzco, where all subsequent Inca emperors were
obliged to trace their lineal descent from Manco Capac.
(See Ayar-chaki)
Mangala
As described in Benin and Yoruba myth, he was deliberately left behind to
die on a kingdom in the Atlantic Ocean when the island sank beneath the sea,
but survived in a water-tight vessel built for himself and his followers. They
arrived on the shores of West Africa, where an earlier flood survivor, Amma,
had already installed herself as the first ruler. After her death, Mangala’s claim
to the throne was opposed by a twin brother. Pemba was eventually banished,
however, and Mangala became West Africa’s first king, from whom all subsequent dynasties trace their descent.
In many lands touched by the Atlantis phenomenon, ruling families commonly traced their lineage to escaped royalty from a cataclysmic deluge
(See Amma)
Manibozho
The Algonquians’ great creation hero and survivor of the Deluge which submerged the Earth. From his place of refuge atop the tallest tree at the center of
the world, the Tree of Life encountered in universal tradition, Manibozho sent
forth a crow, but it returned after several days to say that the waters had not yet
receded. Another failed attempt was made with an otter. Finally, a muskrat was
able to report that land was beginning to emerge. Manibozho swam to the new
territory, where he reestablished human society, and became the founder of the
Algonquians’ oldest, most venerated tribe, the Musk-Rat.
Manibozho was the Algonquian forefather from Atlantis. His Native American
version of the Great Flood bears some resemblance to the Genesis account, in
which Noah dispatches birds to inform him about the receding waters.
Manoa
The Portuguese royal historian, Francisco Lopez, recorded his account of
an oceanic capital which once sent “visitors” to the Brazilian natives:
Manoa is on an island in a great salt lake. Its walls and roof are
made of gold and reflected in a gold-tiled lake. All the serving
dishes for the palace are made of pure gold and silver, and even the most insignificant things are made of silver and copper. In
the middle of the island stands a temple dedicated to the sun.
Around the building, there are statues of gold, which represent
giants. There are also trees made of gold and silver on the island,
and the statue of a prince covered entirely with gold dust.
Manoa’s resemblance to Plato’s opulent Atlantis, with its Titans and oceanic
location “on an island in a great salt lake” is apparent.
Manu
India’s flood hero. In the Matsyu Purana, his version of the deluge features
a rain of burning coals. Warning Manu of the catastrophe to come, the god
Vishnu, in the guise of a fish, says, “the Earth shall become like ashes, the
aether too shall be scorched with heat.” Oppenheimer observes that “the details
suggest a grand disaster, such as may follow a meteorite strike.”
(See Asteroid Theory)
Marae Renga
A homeland in the east from which the chief culture-bearer, Hotu Matua,
with his family and followers, arrived at Rapa Nui, or Easter Island, to replant
civilization there. Marae Renga was itself an island belonging to the larger kingdom of Hiva, before it was sunk by the earthquake-god, Uwoke, with a “crowbar.”
(See Heva, Mu)
Marerewana
The Arawak Indians’ foremost culture hero, who escaped the Deluge in a
“great canoe” with his followers. Spanish Conquistadors in the 16th century noted
occasional blondism, somewhat European facial features, and light eyes among
the Arawak—physical throw-backs to their ancient Atlantean genetic heritage.
Marumda
Together with his brother, Kuksu, he virtually destroyed the world by fire
and flood, according to the Pomo Indians of Central America. The savior of
threatened humanity was the Earth-Mother goddess, Ragno.
Marumda combines a celestial cataclysm with the deluge common in Atlantean
traditions around the world.
Masefield, John
Early 20th-century British poet laureate renowned for his innovative verse. In
his 1912 “Story of a Roundhouse,” he told how “the courts of old Atlantis rose.”
Mataco Flood Myth
The Argentine Indians of Gran Chaco describe “a black cloud that came
from the south at the time of the flood, and covered the whole sky. Lightning
struck and thunder was heard. Yet the drops that fell were not like rain. They
fell as fire.” Here, too, a celestial event coincides with the deluge in a South
American recollection of the Atlantean catastrophe.
Medinet Habu
The “Victory Temple” of XX Dynasty Pharaoh Ramses III at West Thebes, in
the Upper Nile Valley, completed around 1180 B.C. It is the finest, best preserved
example of large-scale sacred architecture from the late New Kingdom, and built as
a monument to his important triumph over a massive series of invasions launched
by the “Sea People” against the Nile Delta at the beginning of the 12th century B.C.
The exterior walls of Medinet Habu are decorated with lengthy descriptions of the
war and illustrated by incised representations of the combatants.
Recorded testimony of captured “Sea People” warriors leaves no doubt about
their Atlantean identity. The text quotes them as saying they came from an
island the Egyptians transliterated as “Netero,” like Plato’s Atlantis, a “sacred
isle,” in the Far West after it had been set ablaze by a celestial event identified
with the fiery goddess Sekhmet and sank into the sea. Medinet Habu’s profiles
of various “Sea People” invaders are the life-like portraits of Atlanteans in the
Late Bronze Age.
Mee-nee-ro-da-ha-sha
The Mandan Indians’ annual “Settling of the Waters” ceremony commemorating the Great Flood from which a white-skinned survivor arrived in South
Dakota.
(See Nowah’wus, Okipa)
Meg
“Before the second of the upheavals,” this priestess, according to Edgar
Cayce, “interpreted the messages that were received through the crystals and
the fires that were to the eternal fires of nature” (natural energies). In Meg’s
time, there were “new developments in air, in water travel...there were the beginnings of the developments at that period for the escape.” Although the first
examples of this evacuation technology were becoming available, “when the
destructions came, the entity chose rather to stay with the groups than to flee to
other lands” (3004-1 F.55 5/15/43).
In ancient British myth, Meg was a giantess able to throw huge boulders
over great distances. Her memory still survives in the Royal Navy, where battleship guns are referred to as Mon Megs, from Long Meg. It is not inconceivable
that Cayce’s Meg and the Atlantean cataclysm were transmuted over time into
the British Meg, whose myth seems to describe an erupting volcano at sea.
(See Cayce, Vimana)
Megas
See Saka Duipa
Meh-Urt
Literally “The Great Flood,” she was the Egyptian “Goddess of the Watery
Abyss,” from whose deluge all life sprang. She was usually portrayed as “the
Celestial Cow” wearing a jeweled collar and a sun disk resting between her
horns. At other times she appeared as a woman with the head of a cow, while
carrying a lotus-flower scepter. Me-Urt represented creative destruction, which
annihilated older forms to bring forth new ones, such as Nile civilization from
the early Atlantean “Great Flood” in the late fourth millennium B.C.
Memnon
Described in the Posthomerica, by Quintus of Smyrna (circa 135 A.D.), as an
Ethiopian king who, with his 10,000-man army, came to the aid of besieged Troy
after the death of its foremost commander, Hector. “Ethiopia” was, in preclassical and early classical times not associated with the East African country south of Egypt, but another name for Atlantis, according to the Roman scholar,
Pliny the Elder. Memnon said of his own early childhood, “the lily-like Hesperides
raised me far away by the stream of Ocean.” The Hesperides were Atlantises,
daughters of Atlas, who attended the sacred, golden apple tree at the center of
his island kingdom. Having been “raised” by them indicates that Memnon was
indeed a king, a member of the royal house of Atlantis.
At his death, he was mourned by another set of Atlantises, the Pleiades,
daughters of the sea-goddess Pleione, by Atlas. His mother, Eos, or “Dawn,” bore
him in Atlantis, and his father, Tithonus, belonged to the royal house of Troy;
hence, his defense of that doomed kingdom. His followers, the Memnonides, wore
distinctive chest armor emblazoned with the image of a black crow, the animal of
Kronos, a Titan synonymous for the Atlantic Ocean. Even during the Roman era,
the Atlantic was known as “Chronos maris,” the Sea of Kronos.
(See Atlantean War, Hesperides, Kronos, Pleiades)
Men Like Gods
A novel about Atlantis by the early 20th-century British author of the better
known War of the Worlds and The Time Machine, H.G. Wells.
Gerardus Mercator
The 16th-century cartographer and inventor of the modern globe with its
“Mercator lines,” who compared the abundant native flood traditions he heard
firsthand in Mexico with Plato’s account of Atlantis to conclude that the lost
civilization was fact, not fable. Like many of his contemporaries, he identified
America with Atlantis itself.
Merlin
Famous as King Arthur’s magician, his Atlantean, or at any rate, Celtic (even
pre-Celtic), origins are widely suspected. The legendary character was probably
modeled on a real-life bard who went mad after the Battle of Ardderyd, in 574 A.D.,
and spent the rest of his life as a hermit in the woods, known for his eccentric genius.
“Merlin” was likely derived from Mabon, the all-powerful Lord of the Animals
known on the Continent as Cernunnos. He is depicted on Denmark’s second century Gundestrup Cauldron as a horned stag holding a serpent in one hand and a
golden torc (neck ornament) in the other. These symbols appear to signify mastery
over the forces of death and regeneration: the horns and snake shed their skins to
rejuvenate themselves, while the torc is associated with the eternal light of the sun.
According to Anna Franklin, in her encyclopedic work on world myth, “Some
say Merlin came out of Atlantis, and that he and the other survivors became the
Druid priests of ancient Britain.” Indeed, he was said to have disassembled
Stonehenge and rebuilt it on the Salisbury Plain. His earliest known name,
Myrddin, Celtic for “from the sea,” certainly suggests an Atlantean pedigree.
Merope
An Atlantis, daughter of Atlas, one of the seven Pleiades. Her name and variations of it appear in connection with Atlantis among several cultures over a long
period of time. Euripides, Plato’s contemporary, who was considered the most
realistic of classical playwrights, wrote in “Phaeton” of an island in the Distant
West called Merope, a possession of Poseidon, the sea-god creator of Atlantis.
Aelian’s Varia Historia (Book III, Chapter XVIII) quotes the fourth-century B.C. Theopompus of Chios on an island beyond the Pillars of Heracles ruled by Queen
Merope, described as a daughter of Atlas. The Merops, according to Theopompus,
launched an attack on Europe, first against Hyperborea (Britain).
But the war was lost, and the kingdom of Merope received a sudden increase
in population immediately following the fall of Troy. Queen Merope was supposed to have been contemporary with Troy’s Laomedon, King Priam’s father, so
she would have lived around the turn of the 14th century B.C., a time when the
Atlanto-Trojan Confederation came into effect. These events are dimly shadowed
in myth and the name of an historical people, the Meropids, who occupied the
Atlantic shores of northern Morocco in the first century B.C. Merope was probably
the name of an allied kingdom or colony of the Atlantean Empire in coastal North
Africa, perhaps occupying the southern half of present-day Morocco.
Mesentiu
The “Harpooners,” sometimes called “Metal Smiths” in ancient Egyptian
tradition, who, along with the “Followers of Horus,” escaped in the company of the
gods from their oceanic homeland sinking in the Distant West. They arrived at
the Nile Delta, where they created Egyptian Civilization, a fusion of native culture
with Atlantean technology. The Mesentiu were a particular group of survivors
from one of the Atlantean catastrophes, perhaps the late fourth-millennium event.
(See Sekhet-aaru, Semsu-Hor)
Mestor
In Plato’s Kritias, an Atlantean monarch of which nothing is known. Only the
meaning of his name, “The Counselor,” suggests Mestor’s kingdom may have been
in Britain, where that foremost Atlantean monument, Stonehenge, gave counsel
through its numerous celestial alignments. “Merlin” was perhaps a linguistic
variant of “Mestor.”
(See Stonehenge)
Miwoche
A “Master” with whose birth in 1917 B.C. the history of Tibet officially began.
Miwoche is described in the pre-Buddhist Boen religion as directly descended
from the spiritual hierarchy that dominated Mu.
Monan
Literally, “the Ancient One” of Brazil’s Tupinamba Indians, who believe he
long ago destroyed most of mankind with a “fire from heaven” extinguished by
a worldwide flood. Chronologer, Neil Zimmerer, writes that Monan allegedly
“enjoyed watching the humans suffer until the island of Atlantis sank.”
(See Irin Mage)
Montezuma
Flood hero of the Piman or Papgos Indians of Arizona and Sonoroa, Mexico.
He came from a “great land” over the ocean, in the east, where an awful deluge
drowned most of his people. His name appears to have been passed down to two
Aztec emperors. Moctezuma I was the earliest Aztec emperor, while Moctezuma
II was the last such ruler, captured by the Spaniards and stoned to death by his
fellow countrymen.
Mo-o
In western Micronesia, an Oleai glyph comprising a smaller circle at the center
of a larger one connected at the top and bottom by two vertical lines extending
from the outer rim of the inner circle to the inner rim of the larger. It appears to
represent the lost civilization of Mu, an island in the middle of the ocean culturally
connected to circum-Pacific territories.
Moriori
The white-skinned natives of Chatham Island, lying several hundred miles
east of New Zealand. When questioned about their origins by British explorers in
the late 18th century, they told how their ancestors arrived at Chatham from a
great island kingdom in the west after it sank beneath the sea. The Moriori were
shortly thereafter exterminated through their exposure to European diseases,
against which they possessed no immunity.
(See Mu)
Moselles Shoals
Lying at the same depth, 19 feet, as the Bimini Road, and approximately 5
miles further away to the northeast, Moselles Shoals is a jumbled collection of
squared, granite “columns,” resembling the collapsed ruin of a temple or public
edifice of some kind. This man made appearance is enhanced by a total absence
of any other stones, megalithic or otherwise, on the sea bottom. At about 30 feet
across and perhaps 200 feet long, the “ruin” approximates the dimensions and
188 The Atlantis Encyclopedia
configuration of an elongated building. Moselles Shoals lies in the same waters
with the Bimini Road, but the structures are wholly unlike one another, although
they may share a common Atlantean identity. As of this writing, Moselles
Shoals has received only a fraction of the attention won by the more famous
Road, but concerted investigation there could prove surprisingly rewarding for
Atlantologists.
(See Bimini Road)
Mu
A Pacific civilization, also known as Lemuria, Kahiki, Ku-Mu waiwai, Horai,
Hiva, Haiviki, Pali-uli, Tahiti, and Rutas, that flourished before Atlantis. Far
less is known about Mu, but its influence from Asia through the Pacific to the
western coasts of America appears to have been prodigious, particularly in
religion and art. References to Mu appear among hundreds of often very
diverse and otherwise unrelated societies affected by its impact, including
Tibet, Easter Island, Olmec Mexico, Indonesia, Australia, Hawaii, Japan, pre-Inca Peru, and so on.
Atlantis and Mu engaged in some cultural interchange, but the peaceful
Lemurians mostly regarded imperialist Atlanteans with a veiled mixture of dread
and contempt. For their part, the Atlanteans looked down on the people of Mu
as members of a backward but colorful and even spiritually valuable, although
pre-civilized, society. There were no “cities,” as such, in Mu, but ceremonial
centers appeared across the land. Unlike the concentric designs favored by
Atlantean architects, monumental construction in Mu was squared and linear,
with less spiritual emphasis on the sky (Atlantean astrology) than on Mother
Earth. Maritime skills were high, but long voyages were mostly conducted for
missionary work.
Nothing in the numerous traditions related to Mu suggests a military of
any kind. Its society was unquestionably theocratic, similar perhaps to Tibetan
Buddhism, which is, in any case, descended from Mu, with additional alien
religious and cultural influences. Also unlike Atlantis, Mu may have actually
been “continental,” or, at any rate, a large, mostly flat landmass approaching
the size of India, located in the Philippine Sea, southwest of China.
The destruction of Mu is not as well attested as the Atlantean catastrophe,
although both events seem to have been generated by a related cause—namely,
a killer comet that made repeated, devastating passes near the Earth with increasingly dire consequences for humanity, from the 16th through 13th centuries B.C.
A particularly heavy bombardment of meteoritic material around 1628 B.C. may
have ignited volcanic and seismic forces throughout the Pacific’s already unstable
“Ring of Fire” to bring about the demise of Mu. In Hawaiian myth, a fair-haired
people who occupied the islands before the Polynesians and built great stone
structures are still remembered as “the Mu.”
Mu’a
An island in western Samoa, featuring prehistoric petroglyphs, burial
mounds, and ceremonial structures. Its name and ancient artifacts are associated with the lost Pacific Ocean civilization of the same name.
Mu-ah
Shoshone name, Mu-ah, “Summit of Mu,” for a sacred mountain in California.
Mount Mu-ah may have been chosen by Lemurian adepts for the celebration of
their religion, and regarded as holy ever since by native peoples.
(See Shoshone)
Muck, Otto Heinrich
Austrian physicist (University of Innsbruck) who invented the snorkel, enabling
U-boats to travel under water without surfacing to recharge their batteries, thereby
escaping enemy detection in World War II. He later helped develop German
rocketry on the research island of Peenemunde, in the Baltic Sea. Published at the
time of his death in 1965, The Secret of Atlantis was internationally acclaimed for
its scientific evaluation of Plato’s account, helped revive popular interest in the
lost civilization, and remains one of the most important books on the subject.
Mu Cord
An ancient Lemurian flying vehicle described in Tibetan traditions.
(See Lemuria, Vimana)
Mu-Da-Lu
Celebrated in Taiwanese folk tradition as the capital of a magnificent
kingdom, an ancestral homeland, now at the bottom of the sea. Like Atlantis, Mu-Da-Lu was supposed to have been ringed by great walls of red stone.
Legend seemed confirmed by an underwater find made by Professor We Miin
Tian, from the Department of Marine Engineering at National Sun Yat Sen
University, in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. During August, 2002, he discovered a wall
standing about 4 feet high, perpendicular to the seafloor. The stone structure is
approximately 30 feet long, and 60 feet beneath the surface, among the Pescadores
Islands, near the Pen-hu Archipelago, between the small islands of Don-Jyu and
Shi-Hyi-Yu, 40 miles west of Taiwan. Twenty years before Professor Tian’s
discovery, another scuba diver from Taiwan, Steven Shieh, found a pair of consistently 15-foot high stone walls underwater near Hu-ching, or “Tiger Well Island.”
At estimated 2,000 feet long, they run at right angles to each other, one oriented
north/south; the other, east/west, terminating in a large, circular structure.
The Pescadores’ sunken walls and tales of Mu-Da-Lu are cultural and
archaeological evidence for Lemurian influences in Taiwan.
(See Sura and Nako)
Mu-gu
A Chumash village in southern California: “place (gu) near water,” signifying
“beach,” although its actual meaning is more likely, “Place near (or toward) Mu.”
Variations of “Mu” are more common among the Chumash than any other Native
Americans, appropriately so, since their tribe evidenced many Lemurian influences,
not the least of which was facial hair among North America’s otherwise beardless
peoples, together with their singular skills as boatwrights and mariners.
Mu-Heku-Nuk
“Place-Where-The-Waters-Are-Never-Still,” the oceanic origins of the
Algonquian Indians, suggests the geologically unstable, sunken Pacific “Motherland” of Mu.
Mu Kung
In Chinese myth, god of the immortals
who ruled over the East, the location of the
Pacific civilization of Mu. Mu Kung was an
earlier version of Hsi Wang Mu, likewise associated with immortality. He dwelt in a golden
palace beside the Lake of Gems, where a
blessed peach tree provided fruit from which
was distilled the elixir of immortality. Several
Lemurian themes are immediately apparent.
Chinese explorers actually went in search of
the elixir at Yonaguni, a Japanese island where
a sunken citadel dated to the 11th millennium
B.C. was discovered in 1985. Yonaguni is also
known for cho-me-gusa, a plant still revered
by the islanders because of its alleged life extending properties. Moreover, the Japanese
myth of “peach boy” concerns a sunken palace
of gold, where he never ages.
Chronologist Neil Zimmerer writes that
Mu Kung “formed a special group of eight
humans, who were given fruits from the Tree
of Life. They were known as the ‘Immortals.’”
According to Churchward, the Tree of Life, the embodiment of immortality, was Lemuria’s chief emblem. As millennia began to fade clearer folk memories of Mu, the “Motherland,” Hsi Wang Mu’s palace was changed to Kun Lun, the western paradise.
A 17th-century statue of Mu Kung, the mythic
ruler of a Pacific Ocean paradise (from which
he derived his name) before the island was
overwhelmed by the rising sea.
Mu-Lat
California Chumash for “bay,” implying a Lemurian influence.
Mu-luc
Literally, “Drowned Mu,” meaning “flood” in the Mayan language.
Mu-Mu-Na
In Australoid myth, the flaming rainbow serpent, also known as Mu-It, that fell
from heaven to cause a world flood. Mu-Mu-Na’s description and name reference
the cometary destruction of both antediluvian civilizations, Mu and Atlantis.
Mu Museum
In the aftermath of World War II, Reikiyo Umemto, a young monk, while
engaged in deep meditation at the southeastern shores of Japan, experienced a
powerful vision of the ancient land of Mu. More than some archaeological flashback, it transcended his traditional Buddhist thinking with the sunken realm’s
lost mystery cult, which he re-founded as the “World’s Great Equality” in
Hiroshima prefecture. For the next 20 years, he lived and shared its principles
with a few, select followers, until some wealthy backers put themselves at his
disposal. With their support, he built a 12-acre temple-museum with surrounding, landscaped grounds closely patterned after structures and designs recalled
from his postwar vision. Work on the red and white complex adorned with lifesize statues of elephants and lively, if esoteric murals was undertaken at a selected
site in Kagoshima prefecture because of the area’s strong physical resemblance
to Mu and the location’s particular geo-spiritual energies. Construction was
completed by the mid-1960s.
A large, professionally staffed institute with modern facilities for display and
laboratory research, the Mu Museum is unique in all the world for its authentic
artifacts and well-made recreations associated with the lost civilization which bears
its name. Although open to the general public, spiritual services at its temple are
restricted to initiates. Reikiyo Umemto passed away in 2002 at 91 years of age.
Mungan Ngaua
According to chronologist, Neil Zimmerer, a Lemurian monarch who
perished with his son, Tundum, in the Great Flood.
Mu-Nissing
Among Michigan’s Ojibwa, an island (Mu) in a body of water (nissing).
Mu-nsungan
Known as the “Humped Island” among the Algonquian-speaking native people
of Maine.
Murias
Antediluvian capital of the Tuatha de Danann, described in the Book of
Invasions, a collection of oral histories written during the Middle Ages, as a
“sea people” who arrived in ancient Ireland 1,000 years before the Celts, circa
1600 B.C. They were immigrants, survivors of a cataclysm that sank Murias
beneath the sea. Some researchers conclude from this characterization, together with its name and alleged location in the far west, that Murias was an
Irish version of the sunken Pacific civilization, Mu, or Lemuria.
Before the disaster, the surviving Tuatha de Danann were able to save their
most valuable treasure, a mysterious object called “Un-dry,” also known as the
“Cauldron of Dagda,” the “Good God,” who led them away from the catastrophe.
The same vessel is implied in the most sacred artifact from Murias, “a hollow
filled with water and fading light.” The renowned Atlantean scholar, Edgerton
Sykes, believed Un-dry was “possibly the origin of the Grail.”
The story of drowned Murias is not confined to Ireland, but known in
various parts of the British Isles and the European Continent. In Wales, it is
remembered as Morvo, and it is known as Morois, in French Normandy.
(See Falias, Finias, Gorias, Mu, Tir-nan-Og, Tuatha da Danann)
Mu-ri-wai-o-ata
Known throughout Polynesia as a legendary palace at the bottom of the
sea, home of the divine hero, Toona, an apparent reference to the lost Pacific
civilization of Mu.
Murrugan
A god whose worship was carried from Mu to India, where it still flourishes.
(See Land of the Kumara)
Musaeus
Listed in Plato’s Kritias as an Atlantean king. He appears to have been deified
as Musicas, the “Civilizer” of the Chibchas. They were a people not unlike the
M: Macusis to Mu-yu-Moqo 193
Incas who occupied the high valleys surrounding Bogotá and Neiva at the time
of the Spanish Conquest. Also known as the “White One,” the bearded Musicas laid down ground rules for Colombia’s first civilization, then departed, leaving
behind four chiefs to govern through his authority and example (Blackett, 274).
The Chibchas referred to themselves, after Muiscas, as the Muisca, or “the
Musical Ones.” Musaeus, the fifth Atlantean king in Plato’s account, means “Of
the Muses,” divine patrons of the arts.
Blackett wrote, “On the common interpretation of mythic traditions, these
Atlantides ought to be provinces or places in South America” (215). The
Atlantean kingdom of Musaeus was in Colombia, where the native culture came
to reflect his name and origins in Atlantis.
Mu-sembeah
A mountain sacred to the Shoshone of
Wyoming. Like its California counterpart,
Mu-sembeah received its holy character
from Lemurian missionaries.
Mu-sinia
The Ute Indians’ sacred “white mountain,” in Utah.
Mu-tu
Tahitian for “island,” possibly derived
from the sunken Pacific Ocean island of
Mu. Interestingly, its reverse, tu-mu, is
Tahitian for “tree,” which may again refer
to Mu. According to researcher, James
Churchward, Mu was alternately known as
the “Tree of Life.”
Mu-tubu-udundi
A secret martial art known only to masters directly descended from the
first king of Japan’s Ryukyu Islands. He brought the regimen with him from
his island kingdom in the east, where it was overwhelmed by the sea. Adepts
avoid physical confrontation, seeking rather to exhaust their opponents through
an intricate series of controlled postures and dance-like movements, striking
a blow only after all other options have been exhausted. Like China’s tai-chi,
its Japanese precursor is also a form of mediation aimed at putting human bio-rhythms in accord with so-called “Earth energies.” Its name, Mu-tubu-udundi,
or “the Self-Disciplined Way of Mu,” derives from the lost Pacific civilization
of Mu, similarly known for the spiritual disciplines and peaceful worldview of its
inhabitants.
Mu-tu-hei
In Marquesan cosmology, the worldwide void or “silence” that existed
during the remote past immediately after the annihilation of a great Pacific
kingdom, an apparent reference to the disappearance of Mu.
Mu-tul
A Mayan city founded by Zac-Mu-tul, whose name means, literally, “White
Man of Mu.” The name “Mu-tul” seems philologically related to the Polynesian
“Mu-tu” (Tahiti) and “Mu-tu-hei” (Marquesas), all defining a Lemurian common
denominator.
(See Mu, Mut-t, Mu-tu-hei)
Mu-yin-wa
The Hopi “maker of all life,” he appears during ritual events known as
Powamu, every February. A white line signifying his skin color appears down
the front of his arms and legs. Mu-yin-wa’s personification of the Direction
Below (sunken Mu?), and the recurrence of “Mu” in his name, to say nothing of
the suggestive Powamu, define him as a mythic heirloom from the lost Pacific
civilization.
Mu-yu-Moqo
Site of the earliest known working of precious metal in the Andes. Located
in the Andahualas Valley, archaeological excavations at Muyu-Moqo uncovered
a 3,440-year-old stone bowl containing metallurgical tools and gold beaten
into thin foil. The Lemurians were renowned metalsmiths, and the discovery
of fine gold work at Muyu-Moqo echoes not only the site’s derivation from
Mu, but coincides with the probable destruction of the island civilization,
around 1628 B.C.
N
Naacals
Literally, “Serpents” or “Serpent People,” denoting wisdom, the spiritual/
scientific elite or missionary “brotherhood” of Mu, who traveled to India in the
west and Mexico in the east, following the destruction of their oceanic homeland.
Nacxit
The “Great Father” of Patulan-Pa-Civan, the Quiche Mayas’ ancestral realm
across the sunrise sea. Before some of its inhabitants left on their transoceanic
voyage to Yucatan, he presented a power-crystal to their leader, Ballam-Qitze.
This sacred stone from Patulan-Pa-Civan and the kingdom’s Atlantic location are
foremost identifiable details in any description of Atlantis. “Nacxit” would appear
to be an authentically Atlantean name.
(See Ballam-Qitze, Crystal Skull, Patulan-Pa-Civan, U Mamae, Tuoai Stone)
Nagaitco
The ancestor of North America’s Kato Indians. He was discovered floating
on the waters of the Great Flood, clinging to the branches of a tree. Nagaitco was
said to have arrived on the mainland from a distant island that no longer exists.
Nammu
A Sumerian birth-goddess, personification of the primeval sea from which
human life emerged. Nammu is also known to Canada’s Haida Indians as the
whale upon whose back mankind first resided, until it sank beneath the waves
under savage attacks from the sky. Many drowned, but some floated to the Pacific coastal shores of British Columbia, where they became the Haidas’ ancestors. Both
versions reflect the story of Mu.
(See Mu)
Nana Buluku
Described in Yoruba and Benin folk traditions as a royal personage belonging
to the “Sea Peoples” who conquered the West African kingdom of Aja around
1200 B.C. This is the same period when Egyptians on the other side of Africa were
fending off invasion by warriors who Pharaoh Ramses III identically described as
the Hanebu, or “Sea Peoples” from the sunken realm of Neteru (Atlantis). Nana
Buluku similarly came from an Atlantic island overwhelmed by a natural catastrophe
with her husband, Wulbari. Thanks in large measure to her reputation as a skilled
physician, they were chosen as corulers to mitigate the worst effects of a famine
ravaging Aja. But its severity was so widespread, Wulbari resigned under pressure,
and discontented opposition, led by the “High Priest of the Sky,” Aido, plotted to
overthrow Nana Buluku. The conspiracy was discovered before it could succeed,
however, and Aido was banished with his accomplices.
The story of serious famine associated with Nana Buluku’s arrival in West
Africa once again underscores its relationship with the Sea Peoples, whose
appearance in the eastern Mediterranean was said to have coincided with widespread famine resulting from the global cataclysm that destroyed Atlantis in the
Late Bronze Age.
(See Sea Peoples)
Nanabush
Flood hero of Algonquian-speaking Indians in the Central Woodlands culture
area. After retrieving the corpse of his drowned brother, Nanabush led survivors
of the great flood that destroyed a former world. Among the treasures he saved
was the Midewiwin ceremony, which brought his dead brother back to life.
Nanabush perpetuated his world’s secrets in various Midewiwin societies of
initiates among the Cree, Fox, Menomonie, Ojibwa, Ottawa, Potawatomi, and Sauk,
who still preserve its arcane principles. He compares with the West African Nana
Buluku.
(See Nana Buluku, Walam Olum)
NEXT-198S
Nancomala
FAIR USE NOTICE
This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. As a journalist, I am making such material available in my efforts to advance understanding of artistic, cultural, historic, religious and political issues. I believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law.
In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. Copyrighted material can be removed on the request of the owner.
No comments:
Post a Comment